Examined certain personality traits that might distinguish the cold-blooded killer from a normal control group, softcore inmates, hardcore inmates, a random sample of inmates, and assaultive inmates. Found significant differences among incarcerated felons (N=250) and a normal control group in certain personality traits and significant test items.…

Administered a battery of personality inventories to violent (N=30) and nonviolent (N=30) youthful offenders, factor analyzed the results and compared the group on factor scores. Results indicated the emergence of two factors: Hostility/Neuroticism and Psychoticism versus Extraversion and showed no significant difference between the two groups on…

Administered Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) and 11 other personality scales to over 700 college students to identify JAS personality correlates. Results revealed that, relative to subjects identified as Type B, those classified as Type A exhibited significantly greater status concern, less alexithymia, more misanthropy, and greater life…

Compared grid measures of logically inconsistent construction and preemptive or reductionistic construction with scores from the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. Logical inconsistency correlated with traits suggesting neuroticism. Preemption correlated with traits suggesting an incredulous approach to life, in agreement with the…

Previous studies have not demonstrated hypothesized link between Machiavellianism (interpersonally manipulative behavior) and psychopathy. Results from two studies using college student samples revealed that High Machs obtained significantly higher Psychopathy scores than did Low Machs, and Mach V totals for Primary Psychopaths were significantly…

Surveyed 100 gifted college students matched on race, age, sex, and education with control subjects. High achievers differed statistically from controls on several subscales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Results suggest that certain personality traits (not necessarily desirable or healthy ones) are associated with high…

Presented potential areas of social interaction to college students (N=420) to judge their likelihood of desired interaction with argumentative or nonargumentative person. Found preference for association with nonargumentative person in situations low in conflict and nonaggressive. Males and females responded in similar fashion in reporting…

Examined responses of 86 chronic alcoholic males to item 101 of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), "I believe women ought to have as much sexual freedom as men." The proportion of responses with "False" was similar to recent normative MMPI data on normal US Midwest males. (Author/KS)

Investigated relationships between 155 managers' personalities (rigidity, intolerance of ambiguity, locus of control) and their leadership perceptions (initiating structure, consideration, and least preferred co-worker). Only two of the twenty-four differences between means exhibited statistical significance, providing little support for a…

Tests of the mediational function of self-disclosure indicated a positive relationship between the target's level of self-disclosure and the "meaningfulness" rating based on each subject's psychological characteristics. (Author)

Administered University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, Freiburg Personality Inventory, and other questions to 247 West German college students. Loneliness was found to be correlated with several personality subscales (psychosomatic complaints, depression, and neuroticism; negative correlation with social skills, self-esteem,…

Surveyed 85 students, 72 medical patients, and 66 state employees to assess the relationships between personality dimensions and child-rearing. Results indicated that parents of extraverts were performance-oriented and stimulating, parents of high psychoticism scorers were unstimulating and unaffectionate, and parents of high neuroticism scorers…

Examined amount of variation in subjects' judgments of same behavior. Subjects observed target persons on videotape and rated both targets and themselves on five dimensions. For three dimensions there was significantly more variance in group's target ratings than in group's self-ratings. Variation suggests that low personality correlations should…

Administered Francis scale of attitude towards Christianity and the Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire to 3,228 11- to 16-year-olds. Found positive relationship between religiosity and lie scale scores. Examined relationship in light of three theories that religious people are less mature, more socially conforming, or simply bigger liars.…

Examined personality differences in 71 residents in a community drug abuse program, using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Results showed successfully treated patients tended to be more aware of their problems and realize a greater need for help. They were slightly more depressed, suspicious, and anxious than unsuccessful patients.…