Grants received by 32 programs for training personnel and conducting research in visual impairments from federal, state, and other sources were surveyed. Resulting recommendations address training grants, the 75 percent rule, and research funding. Issues considered include personnel needs, discrepancies in Department of Education annual counts of…

A survey found a wide range of capabilities regarding the production of textbooks and instructional materials for students with visual impairments in 42 states. Shortages of qualified Braille transcribers and inadequate funding were cited as barriers to developing better services. The most effective model was a centralized production center.…

A survey of Braille transcribers in 40 states found Braille production systems rely on volunteers and hence Braille transcription is not considered a bona fide career. The majority cited low funding and resources as obstacles to change. Issues of certification, training, availability, and definition are discussed, along with recommendations.…