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Direct linkSong, Xue-Ke; Lee, Cassandra; So, Wing-Chee – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
Phenotypical heterogeneity in language abilities is a hallmark of autism but remains poorly understood. The present study collected naturalistic language samples from parent-child interactions. We quantified verbal abilities (mean length of utterance, tokens, types) of 50 Chinese-speaking children (M = 5; 6) and stratified subgroups based on their…
Descriptors: Genetics, Verbal Ability, Chinese, Autism
Bizzell, Ebonee; Ross, Judith; Rosenthal, Carly; Dumont, Rachel; Schaaf, Roseann – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
We explored sensory features as distinguishing characteristics of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Four groups of males (n = 36): Six with 47, XYY syndrome and ASD (XYY+ASD), six with 47, XYY syndrome and no ASD (XYY-ASD), 12 with idiopathic ASD (ASD-I) and 12 typically developing (TYP). The short sensory profile (SSP) the sensory challenge…
Descriptors: Sensory Integration, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Profiles
Hu, Valerie W.; Hong, Yi; Xu, Minyi; Shu, Henry T. – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2021
Although differences in DNA methylation have been associated with both syndromic and idiopathic autism, differential methylation has not been examined previously with respect to sex differences. The goals of this study were to (1) identify differences in the DNA methylation profiles of lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from a subgroup of severely…
Descriptors: Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Correlation
Napoli, Eleonora; Russo, Serena; Casula, Laura; Alesi, Viola; Amendola, Filomena Alessandra; Angioni, Adriano; Novelli, Antonio; Valeri, Giovanni; Menghini, Deny; Vicari, Stefano – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Copy-number variants (CNVs) are associated with susceptibility to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To detect the presence of CNVs, we conducted an array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) analysis in 133 children with "essential" ASD phenotype. Genetic analyses documented that 12 children had causative CNVs (C-CNVs), 29…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Genetics, Children
Hatch, Burt; Iosif, Ana-Maria; Chuang, Annie; de la Paz, Leiana; Ozonoff, Sally; Miller, Meghan – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
Diminished response to name, a potential early marker of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), may also indicate risk for other disorders characterized by attention problems, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using a familial risk design, we examined whether response to name ability at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months of age…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Visual Disengagement: Genetic Architecture and Relation to Autistic Traits in the General Population
Siqueiros Sanchez, Monica; Pettersson, Erik; Kennedy, Daniel P.; Bölte, Sven; Lichtenstein, Paul; D'Onofrio, Brian M.; Falck-Ytter, Terje – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
Visual disengagement has been hypothesized as an endophenotype for autism. In this study we used twin modelling to assess the role of genetics in basic measures of visual disengagement, and tested their putative association to autistic traits in the general population. We used the Gap Overlap task in a sample of 492 twins. Results showed that most…
Descriptors: Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Roberts, Jane E.; Tonnsen, Bridgette L.; McCary, Lindsay M.; Caravella, Kelly E.; Shinkareva, Svetlana V. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common known genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although 50-75% of children with FXS meet ASD criteria, no studies have compared ASD symptoms in infants with FXS versus other high risk groups, such as siblings of children with ASD (ASIBs). Using the Autism Observation Scale for Infants, our…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Intellectual Disability, Congenital Impairments, Infants
Landry, Oriane; Chouinard, Philippe A. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2016
The broader autism phenotype (BAP) is a term applied to individuals with personality and cognitive traits that are similar to but milder than those observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Subtle autistic traits in the core diagnostic domains of social communication and rigid behavior were described in family members of people with an ASD even…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Genetics, Personality Traits
Qualls, Lydia R.; Hartmann, Kathrin; Paulson, James F. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Individuals with higher levels of the broad autism phenotype (BAP) have some symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Like individuals with ASD, people with higher-BAP may have fewer sexual experiences and may experience more same-sex attraction. This study measured BAP traits, sexual experiences, and sexual orientation in typically developing…
Descriptors: Sexuality, Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Suh, Joyce; Orinstein, Alyssa; Barton, Marianne; Chen, Chi-Ming; Eigsti, Inge-Marie; Ramirez-Esparza, Nairan; Fein, Deborah – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
The study examines whether "optimal outcome" (OO) children, despite no longer meeting diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), exhibit personality traits often found in those with ASD. Nine zero acquaintance raters evaluated Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP) and Big Five personality traits of 22 OO individuals, 27 high…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Genetics, Genetic Disorders
Siu, Michelle T.; Goodman, Sarah J.; Yellan, Isaac; Butcher, Darci T.; Jangjoo, Maryam; Grafodatskaya, Daria; Rajendram, Rageen; Lou, Youliang; Zhang, Rujun; Zhao, Chunhua; Nicolson, Rob; Georgiades, Stelios; Szatmari, Peter; Scherer, Stephen W.; Roberts, Wendy; Anagnostou, Evdokia; Weksberg, Rosanna – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
Many neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) share common learning and behavioural impairments, as well as features such as dysregulation of the oxytocin hormone. Here, we examined DNA methylation (DNAm) in the 1st intron of the oxytocin receptor gene, "OXTR," in patients with autism spectrum (ASD), attention deficit and hyperactivity (ADHD)…
Descriptors: Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Biochemistry
Thurman, Angela John; McDuffie, Andrea; Hagerman, Randi J.; Josol, Cynde K.; Abbeduto, Leonard – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
Despite the similarities observed between the fragile X syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) phenotypes, few studies have compared their behavioral profiles outside of ASD symptomatology. In the present study, we sought to compare lexical and grammatical abilities in these two conditions. Comparisons of language abilities in both of…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Genetic Disorders, Intellectual Disability
Ashworth, Maria; Palikara, Olympia; Van Herwegen, Jo – Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2019
Background: Although parental stress is higher for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs), it is unclear how this stress compares to more common NDs. The current study compared stress in parents of children with Williams syndrome (WS), Down syndrome (DS) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The impact of individual and contextual factors…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Neurological Impairments, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Barstein, Jamie; Martin, Gary E.; Lee, Michelle; Losh, Molly – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2018
Purpose: The ability to repair breakdowns in communication is an important pragmatic language skill that helps to maintain clear and meaningful interactions. Examining this ability in genetically based neurodevelopmental disabilities in which pragmatics are affected can provide important information about the precise pragmatic skills impacted…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Communication Problems, Language Skills, Pragmatics
Carvalho Pereira, Andreia; Violante, Inês R.; Mouga, Susana; Oliveira, Guiomar; Castelo-Branco, Miguel – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
The nature of neurochemical changes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains controversial. We compared medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) neurochemistry of twenty high-functioning children and adolescents with ASD without associated comorbidities and fourteen controls. We observed reduced total N-acetylaspartate (tNAA) and total creatine, increased…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adolescents, Brain Hemisphere Functions
