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Cognitive Flexibility in Beginning Decoding and Encoding
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Vadasy, Patricia F.; Sanders, Elizabeth A.; Cartwright, Kelly B. – Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 2023
The development of beginning decoding and encoding skills is influenced by linguistic skills as well as executive functions (EFs). These higher-level cognitive processes include working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, and individual differences in these EFs have been shown to contribute to early academic learning. The present study…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Decoding (Reading), Prediction, Language Skills
Cognitive Flexibility in Beginning Decoding and Encoding
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Vadasy, Patricia F.; Sanders, Elizabeth A.; Cartwright, Kelly B. – Grantee Submission, 2022
The development of beginning decoding and encoding skills is influenced by linguistic skills as well as executive functions (EFs). These higher-level cognitive processes include working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, and individual differences in these EFs have been shown to contribute to early academic learning. The present study…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Decoding (Reading), Prediction, Language Skills
Preschoolers' Alphabet Learning: Cognitive, Teaching Sequence, and English Proficiency Influences
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Roberts, Theresa A.; Vadasy, Patricia F.; Sanders, Elizabeth A. – Reading Research Quarterly, 2019
In the study, the authors addressed two areas of inquiry: the influence of enlisting three underlying cognitive learning processes in alphabet learning, and order effects for letter name and letter sound instruction. Alphabet instruction was designed to enlist paired-associate learning (PAL) only, PAL plus orthographic learning, or PAL plus…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Alphabets, Cognitive Processes, Associative Learning
Preschoolers' Alphabet Learning: Letter Name and Sound Instruction, Cognitive Processes, and English Proficiency
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Roberts, Theresa A; Vadasy, Patricia F; Sanders, Elizabeth A – Grantee Submission, 2018
This study investigated: 1) the influence of alphabet instructional content (letter names, letter sounds, or both) on alphabet learning and engagement of English only and dual language learner (DLL) children, and 2) the relation between children's initial status and growth in three underlying cognitive learning processes (paired-associate,…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Alphabets, Experimental Groups, Control Groups
The Effects of the Strength and Number of Visual Mediators in the Learning Process. Final Report.
Bolz, Charles R.; Ackerman, Jerrold – 1975
The role of visual imagery in the learning of letter-sound combinations was investigated using such mediating images as two scoops of ice cream for the letter "m." In a preliminary study, high-, medium-, and low-strength mediating images were determined for each letter-sound combination. The 216 kindergarten subjects in the main study were…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Kindergarten Children, Learning Processes, Letters (Alphabet)
The Strength and Number of Visual Mediators in Learning Letter-Sound Associations in Reading: A Film Study.
Ackerman, Jerrold – 1975
The role of visual imagery in the learning of letter-sound combinations was investigated using such mediating images as two scoops of ice cream for the letter "m." In a preliminary study, high-, medium-, and low-strength mediating images were determined for each letter-sound combination. The 216 kindergarten subjects in the main study were…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Kindergarten Children, Learning Processes, Letters (Alphabet)