This paper seeks to define the relationship between speech and writing as two separate media within language, and suggests the use of the term translation to describe moving from one medium to another. Such a view acknowledges the independence of speech and writing, the possibility of translation in either direction, the possible untranslatability…

The purpose of this textbook is to establish a satisfactory technique for discovering the pertinent units of sound in any language and organizing them into an alphabet system. The first part of the book deals with the analysis and production of phonetic units. The second and major part of the book is devoted to the analysis and description of…

It is argued that a more comprehensive, systematic understanding of the nature of the alphabet, its three identities (letters/graphemes, letters/nomenemes, sounds/phonemes), and their specific functions in the teaching of various language skills and subskills should be an integral part of the language arts curriculum and instructional plan,…