A computer program to convert the orthography of English words to phoneme equivalents was developed. For purposes of this study, a grapheme was defined as the minimum unit of orthography to which a segmental phoneme, a unitary phoneme combination, or a nonphoneme would be associated. An informational processing model for automatic reading was then…

Reversals in poor and normal second-grade readers were studied in relation to their whole phonological error pattern in reading real words and nonsense syllables. Error categories included sequence and orientation reversals, other consonants, vowels, and total error. Reversals occurred in quantity only in poor readers, with large individual…

These curriculum materials from the Whiteriver (Arizona) Elementary School consist of--(1) an English-Apache word list of some of the most commonly used words in Apache, 29p.; (2) a list of enclitics with approximate or suggested meanings and illustrations of usage, 5 p.; (3) an illustrated chart of Apache vowels and consonants, various written…

This is the third of three volumes intended to be used as pedagogical materials in advanced Urdu courses at Western colleges and universities. An optional set of tape recordings and an optional set of 35mm slides accompany the three-volume work. Volume III first includes an appendix describing the phonemic alphabet (with rough correspondences to…