This paper challenges from a practical point of view the idea that the phonemic principle is the most adequate or the optimal theoretical basis for devising a romanized alphabet for a language. In the past, romanization of languages, written or unwritten, have largely been based on the phonemic principle and have unnecessarily burdened the learner…

Approximately 7,500 entries are included in this Nengone-English dictionary. (Its counterpart, the English-Nengone dictionary, is to be published separately in the same series.) Each entry appears with its index number, part of speech, definition, and an example of its usage. The orthography used throughout is that of the London Mission Society…

VOLUME TWO, UNITS 16 THROUGH 25, CONTINUE THIS INTRODUCTORY COURSE IN URDU. THE GENERAL FORMAT IN THE FIRST FIVE UNITS IS CONSISTENT WITH VOLUME ONE (IN WHICH THE SOUNDS, BASIC STRUCTURES, AND WRITING SYSTEM WERE INTRODUCED). THE LAST FIVE UNITS BEGIN WITH AN ESSAY WRITTEN IN URDU SCRIPT FOLLOWED BY A VOCABULARY SECTION, WHICH TOGETHER REPLACE THE…

This paper seeks to define the relationship between speech and writing as two separate media within language, and suggests the use of the term translation to describe moving from one medium to another. Such a view acknowledges the independence of speech and writing, the possibility of translation in either direction, the possible untranslatability…

This booklet forms a part of the Hungarian-English Contrastive Linguistics Project which is concerned with investigating the differences and similarities between these two languages with implications for second language acquisition. The papers here deal with the Hungarian writing system. Initial remarks concern the relationship between script and…

THE INTRODUCTION TO THIS WORK ON THE OSTYAK LANGUAGE GIVES A SHORT DESCRIPTION OF ITS SPEAKERS, THE OSTYAKS (KHANTI), WHO LIVE IN THE NORTHWESTERN PART OF SIBERIA. A SHORT MENTION OF THE RESEARCH DONE AND AN EXTENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE LINGUISTIC LITERATURE CONCERNING OSTYAK (A FINNO-UGRIC LANGUAGE), ARE ALSO INCLUDED IN THE INTRODUCTION. THE…

The present dictionary of spoken Manchu has been prepared especially for the reader of Japanese, with prefatory remarks by the author and a detailed description of Manchu phonology presented in Japanese. The 3,061 entries contained in the main section are grouped according to semantic categories and appear first in Manchu, in both phonemic and…

This work is a revised edition of the author's "Spoken Uzbek," originally written for class use at Indiana University in 1952-53. Comprised of 25 lesson units and five review units, the format follows the general outline of the earlier ACLS (American Council of Learned Societies) "Spoken Language" courses: basic sentences are presented in build-up…

Twenty-three units comprise this basic course. Each unit consists of a dialog; questions on the dialog; notes on the syntax, morphology, and phonology of Kabyle; pattern drills; and a narrative based on the dialog. Early units (I -VI) also contain notes on the pattern drills. Phonemic transcription is used throughout. (DO)

This Baluchi text is intended for use in a one-year elementary course which meets (ideally) at least five classroom hours per week, with one or two more hours of practice in the language laboratory. It is designed to be used with a Baluchi native informant and a linguist, although the tapes prepared by the authors may, if necessary, replace the…

This study presents the first descriptive analysis of the structure of Sa'i:di, the variety of Egyptian Arabic spoken by the inhabitants of the Nile Valley between Cairo and Aswan. It is hoped that this study, designed to describe the phonemics, morphemics, and syntax of Sa'i:di, will contribute to dialect studies of the varieties of Arabic spoken…

This beginning text is designed to teach the student to speak and understand modern Kabul (Afghan) Persian. (It is suggested that the materials be studied with a native speaker of Kabul Persian.) Chapter I presents the vowels and consonants in initial, medial, and final position, with a brief description of their articulation and their closest…

THIS BEGINNING COURSE, DESIGNED FOR THE STUDENT WITH SOME KNOWLEDGE OF LINGUISTICS, FOLLOWS THE AUDIOLINGUAL APPROACH IN TEACHING THE PHONOLOGY, BASIC STRUCTURE, AND VOCABULARY OF THE EDUCATED KURDISH DIALECT OF SULAIMANIA, IRAQ. THE CULTURAL CONTENT OF THE MATERIAL PROVIDES THE STUDENT WITH A GENERAL BACKGROUND OF SULAIMANIAN CULTURE. PART I,…

This two-volume introductory course in Sinhalese (also spelled Singhalese) is based on a standard variety of the official language of Ceylon as spoken by educated speakers of the South-Western coastal regions. Each of the lesson units (24 in Part I and 12 in Part II) has a conversation, a grammar section, and a set of exercises. Every fourth unit…

This work presents a linguistic study of the proverbs indigenous to Cairo (Egypt) culture. These forms recur in the everyday speech of both learned and unlearned Cairene Arabic speakers. The 900 proverbs, which are presented in phonemic transcription, are analyzed according to their phonological and stylistic characteristics, and then their…