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Boers, Frank; Bui, Thuy; Deconinck, Julie; Stengers, Hélène; Coxhead, Averil – Modern Language Journal, 2023
Second language (L2) learners stand to gain substantially from mastering a wide range of multiword expressions (MWEs), and several studies have examined the benefits of language courses that regularly draw learners' attention to MWEs. However, most of these studies focused on the learners' retention of the MWEs included in the course materials and…
Descriptors: Personal Autonomy, Second Language Learning, Phrase Structure, Language Fluency
Despina Papadopoulou; Nikolaos Amvrazis; Gerakini Douka; Alexandros Tantos – Modern Language Journal, 2024
The article introduces triangulation to converge evidence from corpus and experimental data, by means of two case studies in second language (L2) learners of Greek. The first case study investigates the acquisition of gender agreement, while the second probes the development of relative clauses. In both studies, findings from the corpus are tested…
Descriptors: Greek, Phrase Structure, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Jifeng Wu; Xiaofei Lu; Renfen Hu; Yun Lin; Fengkai Liu – Modern Language Journal, 2025
The adjustment of syntactic and phraseological complexity is a key consideration in text adaptation. However, research on this topic in the context of Chinese as a second language (CSL) remains limited. Using 700 CSL reading texts graded following the newly issued Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education,…
Descriptors: Syntax, Phrase Structure, Grading, Standards
Maxim, Hiram H. – Modern Language Journal, 2023
Competent L2 writing has been described in research in terms of an increasing incidence, variety, and length of clauses; a countervailing compactness and tightness with reduced number of clauses even as clause length expands; and various interrelationships between syntactic realizations of texts and the genres they represent. These partly…
Descriptors: German, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Longitudinal Studies
Minjin Kim; Xiaofei Lu – Modern Language Journal, 2024
The effects of learner- and task-related variables on second language (L2) writing syntactic complexity (SC) have been extensively investigated. However, previous research has rarely assessed the reliability of computational tools for analyzing the SC of L2 spoken production, and we know less about the effects of such variables on L2 speaking SC.…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Syntax, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Dilin Liu; Jie Qin – Modern Language Journal, 2024
This systematic review synthesizes the literature (involving 62 empirical studies) regarding the effectiveness of cognitive linguistics-inspired language pedagogies (CL-ILPs) on second language (L2) learning. It begins with an overview of the main theoretical tenets of cognitive linguistics followed by a description of the data selection, coding,…
Descriptors: Psycholinguistics, Teaching Methods, Grammar, Semantics
Lu, Xiaofei,; Wu, Jifeng – Modern Language Journal, 2022
This study proposed a set of measures for assessing noun phrase (NP) complexity in second language (L2) Chinese writing and compared the predictive power of these measures for L2 Chinese writing quality to that of a set of syntactic complexity measures based on the topic-comment unit (TC-unit). Our data consisted of 101 narratives written by…
Descriptors: Writing Instruction, Syntax, Chinese, Second Language Learning
Kisselev, Olesya; Soyan, Rossina; Pastushenkov, Dmitrii; Merrill, Jason – Modern Language Journal, 2022
Linguistic complexity serves as an important measure of second language (L2) writing development. Complexity indices, however, rarely feature in the studies of learner languages other than English. Additionally, L2 writing studies have been criticized for the lack of consistency in defining proficiency. The current study addresses these gaps by…
Descriptors: Russian, Computational Linguistics, Teaching Methods, Second Language Learning
Wang, Min; Shen, Huiyang; Boland, Julie E.; Wei, Hang – Modern Language Journal, 2021
This study investigates how visual context influences second language (L2) long-term structural priming for the Chinese "ba" construction. The experiment consisted of a baseline phase, an exposure phase, an immediate posttest, and a delayed posttest. L2 Chinese learners (N = 120) were assigned to 1 of 4 groups for the exposure…
Descriptors: Chinese, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Pretests Posttests
Pang, Francine; Skehan, Peter – Modern Language Journal, 2021
This study uses a complexity-accuracy-lexis-fluency (CALF) framework to explore performance on 2 speaking tasks: a narrative picture-based task and an interactive decision-making task. A preliminary aim is to compare performance on the 2 tasks, using a wide range of CALF measures to explore where scores are similar and where they are different.…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Speech Communication, Second Language Learning, Accuracy
Gholami, Leila – Modern Language Journal, 2022
Focus on form (FonF) studies have predominantly addressed its effectiveness in improving learners' syntactic, lexical, orthographic, and phonological knowledge. Extending the scope of this line of research to formulaic FonF practices, this study investigates the relative effectiveness of incidental FonF targeting formulaic versus nonformulaic…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Grammar, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Hwang, Haerim; Jung, Hyeyoung; Kim, Hyunwoo – Modern Language Journal, 2020
Learner corpus studies using syntactic complexity as a construct for characterizing learner proficiency have found that higher proficiency permits learners to produce more complex syntactic structures. However, the majority of previous studies have focused on writing, almost exclusively with adult second language (L2) learners. Given the…
Descriptors: Syntax, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
Jin, Zhouhan; Webb, Stuart – Modern Language Journal, 2020
This study investigated incidental learning of single-word items and collocations through listening to teacher talk. Although there are several studies that have investigated incidental vocabulary learning through listening, no intervention studies have explicitly investigated the extent to which listening to teachers in a classroom context might…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Native Language, Pretests Posttests, Correlation
Kyle, Kristopher; Crossley, Scott A. – Modern Language Journal, 2018
Syntactic complexity is an important measure of second language (L2) writing proficiency (Larsen--Freeman, 1978; Lu, 2011). Large-grained indices such as the mean length of T-unit (MLTU) have been used with the most consistency in L2 writing studies (Ortega, 2003). Recently, indices such as MLTU have been criticized, both for the difficulty in…
Descriptors: Syntax, English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning
Bardovi-Harlig, Kathleen; Su, Yunwen – Modern Language Journal, 2018
This study investigates the role of proficiency in the acquisition of conventional expressions as a pragmalinguistic resource in second-language (L2) Chinese. One hundred and four undergraduates, including 57 learners of Chinese as a foreign language at 3 levels of university instruction and 47 native speakers completed an aural-oral discourse…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Role
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