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The Effectiveness of Combining Tangible Symbols with the Picture Exchange Communication System to Teach Requesting Skills to Children with Multiple Disabilities Including Visual Impairment
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Ali, Emad – ProQuest LLC, 2009
The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is an augmentative and alternative communication program (Frost & Bondy, 2002). Although PECS has been effectively used to teach functional requesting skills for children with autism, mental retardation, visual impairment, and physical disabilities (e.g., Anderson, Moore, & Bourne, 2007; Chambers &…
Descriptors: Intervention, Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Visual Impairments, Physical Disabilities
Sensory Reinforcement and Contingency Awareness of Profoundly Retarded Children.
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Haskett, Josh; Hollar, W. David – American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1978
In two experiments, three of four profoundly retarded and physically handicapped children (9-17 years old) with MAs below seven months demonstrated instrumental learning of a manipulatory response that produced either illumination or music. (Author)
Descriptors: Contingency Management, Exceptional Child Research, Multiple Disabilities, Physical Disabilities