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The Effects of a Picture Activity Schedule for Students with Intellectual Disability to Complete a Sequence of Tasks Following Verbal Directions
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Duttlinger, Cari; Ayres, Kevin M.; Bevill-Davis, Alicia; Douglas, Karen H. – Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 2013
We investigated instruction of independent creation of picture activity schedules (PASs) and how four middle school students with intellectual disability used them to complete tasks independently. A withdrawal design (A-BC-B-A-B) was used to evaluate whether the intervention had an effect on the dependent variable and to test for generalization to…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Pictorial Stimuli, Verbal Communication, Intervention
The Effectiveness of Electronic Text and Pictorial Graphic Organizers to Improve Comprehension Related to Functional Skills
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Douglas, Karen H.; Ayres, Kevin M.; Langone, John; Bramlett, Virginia Bell – Journal of Special Education Technology, 2011
This study evaluated the effects of a computer-based instructional program to assist three students with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities in using pictorial graphic organizers as aids for increasing comprehension of electronic text-based recipes. Student comprehension of recipes was measured by their ability to verbally retell recipe…
Descriptors: Instructional Materials, Electronic Equipment, Cooking Instruction, Moderate Mental Retardation
Comparing Pictorial and Video-Modeling Activity Schedules during Transitions for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Cihak, David F.; Ayres, Kevin M. – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2010
This study evaluated the differential effects of two different visual schedule strategies. In the context of an alternating treatments design, static-picture schedules were compared to video based activity schedules as supports for three middle school aged students with autism. Students used the visual schedules to transition between activities in…
Descriptors: Autism, Criteria, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Visual Stimuli
Use of Self-Modeling Static-Picture Prompts via a Handheld Computer to Facilitate Self-Monitoring in the General Education Classroom
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Cihak, David F.; Wright, Rachel; Ayres, Kevin M. – Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 2010
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a combined self-monitoring and static self-model prompts procedure on the academic engagement of three students with autism served in general education classrooms. The percentage of intervals engaged academically and the number of teacher prompts was analyzed in the context of a multiple probe…
Descriptors: Intervals, General Education, Autism, Prompting
Effects of a Photo Activity Schedule Book on Independent Task Changes by Students with Intellectual Disabilities in Community and School Job Sites
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Carson, Keyla D; Gast, David L.; Ayres, Kevin M. – European Journal of Special Needs Education, 2008
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using a photo activity schedule book to increase independent transitioning between vocational tasks inside a school cafeteria and at a community job site. Three students with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities, enrolled in a self-contained classroom in a public high school,…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Program Effectiveness, Photography, Pictorial Stimuli
Using Picture Activity Schedule Books to Increase On-Schedule and On-Task Behaviors
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Spriggs, Amy D.; Gast, David L.; Ayres, Kevin M. – Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities, 2007
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using picture activity schedule books to increase on-schedule and on-task behaviors of children with moderate intellectual disabilities. Four students enrolled in a self-contained classroom participated in the study. Graduated guidance, system of least prompts, and verbal prompting…
Descriptors: Instructional Effectiveness, Intervals, Stimulus Generalization, Self Contained Classrooms