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Peer reviewedRomaine, Suzanne – Language, 1999
Discusses grammaticalization of "laik" in Tok Pisin, meaning "want/like/desire" (from English "like") and "klostu," meaning "near" (from English "close to") as markers of proximative. Shows although "klostu" was more generally a feature of Pacific Pidgin English and began to…
Descriptors: Creoles, Diachronic Linguistics, Foreign Countries, Grammar
Peer reviewedRomaine, Suzanne – English Today, 1994
Examines the birth and evolution of Hawai'i Creole English (HCE), focusing on attempts to use HCE as a written language, particularly in the emerging genre of local literature and reviews the use of HCE in literary works from the 1930s to the present. (Contains 12 references.) (MDM)
Descriptors: Creoles, Diachronic Linguistics, English (Second Language), Language Attitudes
Peer reviewedRomaine, Suzanne – World Englishes, 1989
Tok Pisin, New Guinea Pidgin English, is becoming increasingly important as a "lingua franca" in Papua New Guinea, even though English is the country's official language. Urban versus rural and spoken versus written varieties of the pidgin are examined, and the influence of English on Tok Pisin is investigated. 73 references. (Author/CB)
Descriptors: Dialect Studies, English, Foreign Countries, Interference (Language)
