This manuscript provides a historical and pedagogical framework for American educational and sociopolitical responses after national tragedies (e.g., Pearl Harbor, 9/11). Moreover, this research explores the overt xenophobic and ethnocentric tendencies (exacerbated by media forums) after these events, which triggered resurgence in a sort of…

Traditional ideas of patriotism and nationalism'' are no longer accepted, and citizenship education must change accordingly. (Author/SP)

This paper endeavored to investigate the perspectives of both social studies teachers and social studies teacher-candidates with regard to various components of the teacher's role in the civic education of secondary school students. (Author/RK)

The authors conducted a study using student teachers in secondary schools to assess the impact of the organization and climate of secondary schools on the teaching of controversial social and political issues. They conclude that there is an atmosphere of censorship in the schools. (KC)

The issue in West Virginia's censorship controversy is clear. Parents feared democratic freedom of choice and wanted their children taught to be idealogical carbon copies of themselves. But the parents themselves may not be to blame. They too are products of authoritarian, no-think schools in which orthodoxy went unchallenged. (Author/SJL)