In the contemporary literature, several studies have attempted to see the effect of gender inequality and public expenditure on inclusive education. However, few have attempted to determine the gender inequality threshold. In this study, we first examined the threshold of gender inequality which, when exceeded, the effect on inclusive education…

The study examines the effect of public education expenditures on gender inequality in education in sub-Saharan Africa. It covers 25 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period 2010-2019. The generalised method of moments was used. The estimator developed by Blundell and Bond was chosen. The following results are found: (i) public expenditure…

During the 1930s there was a significant shift in the debate about African colonial education. Above all, somewhat discreetly hidden behind the formal language of the educational documents, is the question of the challenge presented to the traditional literary/religious missionary curriculum, or even to the "adaptationist" debate about…

Until relatively recently, much of Africa has been among the economically least developed and least densely populated places on earth, replete with villages and rural communities. Africa is changing rapidly, in its economy, trade and investment; in climate change; in conflict and stability; in urbanization, migration patterns, and most of all in…

When discussing the topic "Hunger in Africa" with students, incorrect and biased ideas on the causes for hunger are revealed. In order to change the students' personal concepts it is necessary to become acquainted with their mental models. Therefore, a survey of Geography students' different personal theories concerning "Hunger in…

This paper presents Peter McPherson's statement before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. He begins by saying that people have an immediate problem that must be addressed, hopefully in a way that does not complicate long-term solutions. They also have a long-term and more complicated agricultural problem that the world has neglected over many…

This series addresses the relation of education to knowledge-based growth and broader measures of development beyond growth, central features of the modern world in which education has a central role. This role includes the effects of education on pure economic growth including its effects on the creation, adaptation, and dissemination of new…

The major trend towards worldwide easing of the birthrate does not include the current population patterns in Africa. The population policies of African nations range along a continuum from totally pronatal to strongly antinatal. However, even antinatal policies have had little effect on the overall spiralling upward population trend. (JA)

This report examines what people in the developing countries think about population policy--a topic that is emerging as a subject of critical concern to governments of those countries. In 1973, five seminars were held in different parts of the developing world. Each seminar was limited to 20-25 participants selected from five to nine countries.…

This paper highlights some of the themes that any successful strategy to reverse the decline of Africa must embrace. Africa is a continent experiencing a breakdown in the relationship between people and their natural support systems. Famine and the threat of famine are among the manifestations of this breakdown. This decline can be reversed. To do…

The author, secretary general of the Republic of Zambia, discusses education (and particularly adult education) as a political imperative in Africa. He cites the problems of illiteracy and of the desire for a democratic system, and suggests that population growth must be adjusted to development potential. (MF)

Contains 18 articles published in International Labour Review from 1921-1975 that discuss the International Labour Organisation, international labor movement and law, economics and the labor market, family security, full employment, population growth, industrial welfare, trade policy and employment growth, and income expectations and rural-urban…

Africa's population is now 630 million, and it is growing faster than any other region in the world. But while Africa's population grows by 3.1 percent annually, the continent's food supply increases by only 1.1 percent per year. Throughout the 1980s more and more African governments have agreed that lasting development is possible only if…

Four papers in this issue focus on population and urban growth in: (1) sub-Saharan Africa; (2) Latin America; (3) the Soviet Union; and (4) Japan and China. While each region has unique population features, similarities exist based on northern or southern hemisphere geographic locations and on a communist or non-communist political orientation.…

Argues that geographic studies, especially local patterns of production and land use, must appear in a larger perspective. States that the problem is how to link local geographies with a complex, internationalized, global, political economy. Examines the problem in discussions of food and famine, ecological degradation, and population growth in…