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Millar, W. Stuart – Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 1972
Initial experiment demonstrated operant acquisition of an instrumental hand-pulling response in 4-8-month-old infants; the effect achieved with contingent, noncontingent, delayed reinforcement, and the suppression, recovery, and facilitation effects of noncontingent stimulation are discussed. (Author)
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Conditioning, Infant Behavior, Operant Conditioning

Remington, R. E.; Strongman, D. T. – British Journal of Psychology, 1972
Study was designed to investigate the effects of signalled non-contingent reward on the operant behaviour of human subjects. (Authors)
Descriptors: Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, Positive Reinforcement, Psychological Studies

Cooperman, Marc; Child, Irvin L. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1971
The present study attempted to duplicate earlier findings and to investigate the effects of mechanical as well as personal reinforcement. However, the acquisition and extinction differences between oral and anal scoring types reported in the earlier studies were not obtained with either personal or mechanical reinforcement. (Author)
Descriptors: Conditioning, Negative Reinforcement, Positive Reinforcement, Psychological Characteristics

Rachlin, Howard – Psychological Review, 1973
Article reviews evidence on the effects of contrast and matching, that these effects are related, and that both effects are reactions to the same independent variable. (Author/RK)
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Behavioral Science Research, Conditioning, Negative Reinforcement

Yawkey, Thomas D. – Child Study Journal, 1971
The major concern of the study was to determine what differences, if any, in independent reading-work behaviors were observed between baseline and experimental conditions using the Rules, Ignore, Praise technique with two seven year old children. During the reinforcement period children worked harder. Bibliography. (Author/AF)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavioral Science Research, Conditioning, Operant Conditioning

Barrera, Manuel Jr.; Rosen, Gerald M. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1977
Assesses a self-reward contracting procedure intended to facilitate completion of self-administered desensitization. Self-referred snake phobics received either (a) self-administered desensitization; (b) self-administered desensitization with self-reward contracting; or (c) a self-administered placebo with self-reward contracting. Results show the…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Counseling Effectiveness, Desensitization, Operant Conditioning
Hamilton, Marshall L. – J Genet Psychol, 1969
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Conditioning, Discrimination Learning, Learning Motivation
Rovee-Collier, Carolyn K.; And Others – 1979
Three-month-old infants learned to activate a crib mobile by means of operant footkicks. Retention of the conditioned response was assessed in the presence of the nonmoving mobile. Although forgetting is typically complete after an 8-day retention interval, infants who received a reactivation treatment, a brief exposure to the reinforcer 24 hours…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Early Experience, Infants, Memory
O'Leary, K. Daniel; And Others – Behav. Res. & Therapy, 1966
Experimental modification of destructive and assaultive sibling interaction was carried out within the home environment. Two brothers (6 and 3 years old) were treated through token positive reinforcement techniques in an effort to improve their behavior towards each other. A "time out" from reinforcement procedures involved an isolation period for…
Descriptors: Aggression, Antisocial Behavior, Behavior Change, Conditioning
Yeshiva Univ., New York, NY. Ferkauf Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences. – 1966
This conference report consists of two presented papers and a selected bibliography. The paper by Joan Gussow, "Behavioral Management and Educational Goals," is concerned with operant conditioning as a theory of learning and an instructional method. Basing their methods on the work of B.F. Skinner, educators who are proponents of this…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Patterns, Behavior Theories, Conditioning
Reeback, Robert T. – 1968
Seven 18- to 32-month-old children received from seven to 26 experimental sessions each between October 1966 and April 1967. A session lasted from 5 to 15 minutes and concerned control over the verbal responses of the children with token-operated reinforcement devices. In order to make the results of the experimental sessions meaningful, an…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Infant Behavior, Infants, Language Acquisition
Michealis, Mary Lou; Etzel, Barbara C. – 1967
A multiple baseline design for modifying the gross motor coordination of a 31-month-old boy suspected of suffering from congenital brain damage was conducted at the University of Kansas Infant Study Laboratory. The primary purpose of the study was to establish, by experimental procedures, the desired, but absent, behavior of walking, getting up,…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Patterns, Conditioning, Exceptional Child Education