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Showing 1 to 15 of 135 results Save | Export
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Davis, Tonya; Weston, Regan; Hodges, Abby; Gerow, Stephanie – Journal of Behavioral Education, 2022
Effective training programs for individuals with disabilities often involve the use of positive reinforcement. Social interactions have many benefits over other forms of reinforcement, but more research is needed to determine how to identify social interactions that serve as reinforcers. In the first experiment, we evaluated the use of two…
Descriptors: Students with Disabilities, Positive Reinforcement, Interaction, Interpersonal Relationship
Needham, Mick – ProQuest LLC, 2018
Despite an abundance of research on interventions to improve social skills of young children with intellectual disabilities (ID), there is limited research on interventions aimed at improving social skills of adults with ID. The purpose of this single-subject study was to evaluate the outcomes of the Behavioral Opportunities for Social Skills…
Descriptors: Intellectual Disability, Adults, Skill Development, Interpersonal Competence
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Ostvik, Leni; Eikeseth, Svein; Klintwall, Lars – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2012
This study replicated and extended Wright (2006) and Whitehurst, Ironsmith, and Goldfein (1974) by examining whether preschool aged children would increase their use of passive grammatical voice rather than using the more age-appropriate active grammatical construction when the former was modeled by an adult. Results showed that 5 of the 6…
Descriptors: Grammar, Verbal Stimuli, Positive Reinforcement, Verbs
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Poling, Alan; Weetjens, Bart; Cox, Christophe; Beyene, Negussie W.; Bach, Harvard; Sully, Andrew – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
We used giant African pouched rats ("Cricetomys gambianus") as land mine-detection animals in Mozambique because they have an excellent sense of smell, weigh too little to activate mines, and are native to sub-Saharan Africa, and therefore are resistant to local parasites and diseases. In 2009 the rats searched 93,400 m[superscript 2] of…
Descriptors: Animals, Safety, Operant Conditioning, Foreign Countries
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Nicolle, A.; Symmonds, M.; Dolan, R. J. – Cognition, 2011
Action-outcome contingencies can be learnt either by active trial-and-error, or vicariously, by observing the outcomes of actions performed by others. The extant literature is ambiguous as to which of these modes of learning is more effective, as controlled comparisons of operant and observational learning are rare. Here, we contrasted human…
Descriptors: Observational Learning, Operant Conditioning, Bias, Negative Reinforcement
Podlesnik, Christopher A.; Jimenez-Gomez, Corina; Woods, James H. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2010
The goal of this series of experiments was to develop an operant choice procedure to examine rapidly the punishing effects of intravenous drugs in rats. First, the cardiovascular effects of experimenter-administered intravenous histamine, a known aversive drug, were assessed to determine a biologically active dose range. Next, rats responded on…
Descriptors: Positive Reinforcement, Drug Use, Animals, Punishment
Lie, Celia; Alsop, Brent – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2009
Three experiments using human participants varied the distribution of point-gain reinforcers or point-loss punishers in two-alternative signal-detection procedures. Experiment 1 varied the distribution of point-gain reinforcers for correct responses (Group A) and point-loss punishers for errors (Group B) across conditions. Response bias varied…
Descriptors: Positive Reinforcement, Bias, Response Style (Tests), Punishment
Robertson, William L. – ProQuest LLC, 2010
Presenting college students, in a wide variety of content areas, with frequent announced and unannounced quizzes appears to correlate positively with enhanced test performance. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine if similar results can be achieved with high school students in a standard economics class. Based on a theoretical…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Operant Conditioning, Tests, Program Effectiveness
Boutot, E. Amanda; Hume, Kara – Division on Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Council for Exceptional Children (NJ1), 2010
Recent mandates related to the implementation of evidence-based practices for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) require that autism professionals both understand and are able to implement practices based on the science of applied behavior analysis (ABA). The use of the term "applied behavior analysis" and its related concepts…
Descriptors: Public Schools, Autism, Behavioral Science Research, Timeout
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Millar, W. Stuart – Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 1972
Initial experiment demonstrated operant acquisition of an instrumental hand-pulling response in 4-8-month-old infants; the effect achieved with contingent, noncontingent, delayed reinforcement, and the suppression, recovery, and facilitation effects of noncontingent stimulation are discussed. (Author)
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Conditioning, Infant Behavior, Operant Conditioning
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Remington, R. E.; Strongman, D. T. – British Journal of Psychology, 1972
Study was designed to investigate the effects of signalled non-contingent reward on the operant behaviour of human subjects. (Authors)
Descriptors: Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, Positive Reinforcement, Psychological Studies
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Rachlin, Howard – Psychological Review, 1973
Article reviews evidence on the effects of contrast and matching, that these effects are related, and that both effects are reactions to the same independent variable. (Author/RK)
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Behavioral Science Research, Conditioning, Negative Reinforcement
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Yawkey, Thomas D. – Child Study Journal, 1971
The major concern of the study was to determine what differences, if any, in independent reading-work behaviors were observed between baseline and experimental conditions using the Rules, Ignore, Praise technique with two seven year old children. During the reinforcement period children worked harder. Bibliography. (Author/AF)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavioral Science Research, Conditioning, Operant Conditioning
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Whitman, Thomas L.; Taub, Susan Ilene – 1970
The present experiments investigated the effects of several classical conditioning manipulations on the performance of young children in an instrumental discrimination learning situation. Two predictions from general conditioning-extinction theory were tested: (1) acquisition of an instrumental response to a stimulus for a positive reinforcer in a…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Discrimination Learning, Grade 1, Learning Theories
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Barrera, Manuel Jr.; Rosen, Gerald M. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1977
Assesses a self-reward contracting procedure intended to facilitate completion of self-administered desensitization. Self-referred snake phobics received either (a) self-administered desensitization; (b) self-administered desensitization with self-reward contracting; or (c) a self-administered placebo with self-reward contracting. Results show the…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Counseling Effectiveness, Desensitization, Operant Conditioning
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