Prior theoretical and empirical research has highlighted links between positive parenting and the socioeconomic characteristics of the family's neighborhood, but has yet to illuminate the etiologic origins of this association. One possibility is that the various predictors of parenting outlined by Belsky (1984; e.g., characteristics of the child,…

Considering the real-world dilemma of leaders' high long-term orientation and employees' insufficient innovative behaviors in practice, this study systematically explored the relationship between leaders' long-term orientation and employees' innovative behaviors using challenge and threat appraisals as the mediating variables and promotion focus…

This dissertation investigates the influence of interventions on the behavior outcomes of alternative education students in the Midwest United States, addressing the gap in literature regarding the implementation of School-Wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS) in alternative education settings. Grounded in B.F. Skinner's…

The study examined the influence of feedback features on revision uptake in dialogic peer feedback activities, and the moderating effect of self-efficacy and prior knowledge on this relationship. Data were collected over a 10-week course at a comprehensive university in China, involving 29 students and resulting in 242 revision-oriented comments.…

Meaningful student-teacher relationships form a crucial foundation for teachers to deliver effective interventions leading to better outcomes for students with challenging behavior. By implementing simple recommendations for facilitating genuine and intentional interactions with students and regulating their own emotional responses, teachers can…

Class-wide academic performance can be increased by overlaying existing instructional and classroom management procedures with supplemental interdependent group-oriented bonus rewards. The bonus reward strategies may be particularly effective for under-motivated, low-performing students. When applying supplemental interdependent group-oriented…

Learning from video lectures is becoming a prevalent learning activity in formal and informal settings. However, relatively little research has been carried out on the interactions of learning strategies and social environment in learning from video lectures. The present study addresses this gap by examining whether learner-generated explanations…

This research examined the effects of overhearing an adult praise an unseen child for not needing to work hard on an academic task. Five-year-old Han Chinese children (total N = 270 across three studies; 135 boys, collected 2020-2021) who heard this low effort praise tended to devalue effort relative to a baseline condition in which the overheard…

In the study reported on here, we analysed parents' involvement in their children's primary education in 4 primary schools in rural Malawi, focusing on the home and the school. Through interviews and focus-group discussions, information was obtained from 19 parents, 24 teachers (6 from each school), and 4 head teachers. Bronfenbrenner's ecological…

While a plethora of studies have been conducted on corrective feedback in L2 writing, praise as feedback has received less attention in L2 writing despite its well-acknowledged motivating functions in education and psychology (For economy of expression, the word "praise" will be used consistently throughout this paper to denote…

Person praise, as compared to process praise, can have detrimental consequences on performance and motivation. Children with low self-esteem are most vulnerable for these effects. However, parents administer more person praise and less process praise to these children than to children with high self-esteem. In this study, we examined whether…

The promotion of social and emotional well-being and positive mental-health has become a key focus for governments across the world, with schools seen as prime locations to facilitate improvements in these areas for children. In response, schools have implemented a wide-ranging package of support designed to target well-being and mental health,…

Decades of research has documented the negative effects of physical punishment, including spanking (Heilmann et al., 2021). Since 1998, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has endorsed the use of time out from positive reinforcement (TO) as an alternative to corporal punishment (Sege et al., 2018). Despite urging at the federal level…

Purpose: As learning at the workplace is predominantly self-motivated, this study is aimed to identify and categorize the motivational drivers for working professionals to pursue self-directed learning (SDL) at the workplace. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 23 variables were identified as drivers for working professionals to initiate,…

Considerable research has shown that receiving effort-focused praise affects motivation positively, while ability-focused praise affects motivation negatively. However, these studies have investigated only the effects on the one receiving praise (the praisee). Therefore, we examined the effects of praise on the one offering praise (the praiser),…