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Direct linkChapman, Kathryn P.; Ross, Lydia; Dorn, Sherman – Teachers College Record, 2020
Background: Recently, states have experienced widely varying participation in annual assessments, with the opt-out movement concentrated in New York State and Colorado. Geographic variation between and within states suggests that the diffusion of opting out is multilayered and an appropriate phenomenon to explore geographic dimensions of social…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Activism, School Districts, Public Schools
Levine, Robert V.; Reysen, Stephen; Ganz, Ellen – Social Indicators Research, 2008
Three field studies compared helping behavior across a sample of 24 small, medium and large cities across the United States. The relationship of helping to statistics reflecting the demographic, social, and economic characteristics of these communities was then examined. The strongest predictors of city differences in helping were population size,…
Descriptors: Field Studies, Poverty, Altruism, Crime
