Programs that provide lower-skill employment are a popular anti-poverty strategy in developing countries, with India's employment guarantee program (MGNREGA) employing adults in 23 percent of Indian households. MGNREGA has reduced rural poverty, but some have raised concerns that guaranteeing lower-skill (or uncredentialed) employment…

The neoliberal capitalist crisis of 2008 brought to light poverty and destitution in our societies. In Spain, 13 million people live in poverty, structural unemployment is over 20% and levels of insecurity have risen in all sectors and social groups. In the EU, 120 million live in poverty, while globally, wealth is increasingly concentrated in…

American Indian organizations in Chicago grew both in size and number during the 1970s. The lasting impact of War on Poverty programs and the passing of the Indian Education Act of 1972 and the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973 served as significant factors for the development of these organizations. Alternative American Indian…

Examines the issues surrounding the controversial Workfare program, which establishes work effort as a requirement for receipt of welfare benefits. (SK)

AFDC Welfare work strategies have been implemented to help AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) recipients secure unsubsidized employment. Reviews research on employment programs for AFDC clients and highlights the respective advantages of these programs. Suggests program changes to improve welfare work strategies. (Author/ABB)

Examines and evaluates the use of "active labor market policy" to attempt to make the "uneasy triangle" of full employment, price stability, and collective bargaining more tolerable while at the same time promoting the cause of greater economic equality and growth. (Author/JM)

This paper attempts to provide a general equilibrium framework for comparing the merits of alternative methods of raising the income of the employable poor. The strategy is to specify a complete and interacting set of factor markets, parameterize alternative program types in a manner convenient to this specification, and then solve the system of…

Reviews the major enactments of federal income transfer programs, Federal payments programs presently in force, Federal manpower training programs, and recent developments in Congress. Presents a pro and con discussion by several Senators and Representatives on the Adminsistration's current plan to terminate the Federal anti-poverty agency.…

Evaluates two programs in the Johnsonian "war against poverty": one "macroeconomic," attempting to create an environment of greater job opportunities and higher employment; the other "microeconomic," investing in low-income workers to raise their relative earning power. (Author/JM)

Analysis of 101 projects in 7 public works programs (PWPs) in Western Cape Province in the mid-1990s estimated the public expenditure needed to transfer resources to the poor. Comparison of the result with that generated by a hypothetical, untargeted transfer showed that most of the PWPs outperform the benchmarks. (Contains 26 references.) (JOW)

Summarizes themes of welfare reform in America and policy shifts that have resulted in the introduction of state-focused workfare programs. (MW)

This report examines the quality and rigor of evaluation practices at the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO), and the extent to which evaluation results have influenced program design and operation. Because of the innovative nature of the programs, and a resulting lack of reliable data, past attempts at comprehensive evaluation have been…

This report provides an overview of the poverty problem and possible solutions. The available statistics and their limitations are summarized. The complementary roles of income-maintenance and employment policies are discussed. Because employment policies are limited to those who can be made employable, the report concludes that liberal changes in…

Despite a tightening job market and a shortage of matching funds by the states, the Work Incentive Program made good progress last year. (BH)