The majority of depressive symptoms, prevalent among adults (without a history of a depressive disorder) entering alcohol treatment, usually abate within 2 to 3 weeks of abstinence without specific depression-focussed intervention, but some hospitalized alcoholics experience significant depressive symptoms despite sustained abstinence. Such…

The claim that tests of intelligence and abilities are the best predictors of academic success fails to examine closely the important moderator variable as test and criterion characteristics rather than as person characteristics. (EH)

High rates of attrition among students in Undergraduate Navigator Training (UNT) is a major concern for Air Training Command. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the Basic Navigator Battery (BNB), a multi-test experimental selection instrument, for its potential to increase the validity of the Air Force Officer Qualifying Test…

Previous research has shown that students often overestimate their performance levels on course examinations. A model of motivation was applied to an individual's predictions and postdictions of his/her own performance levels in course examinations to obtain actual predictions and postdictions for 111 college students over a period of three…

Using data collected in 95 Ohio school districts by Brock Hunt, this study reanalyzed those data, examined the reasons for Hunt's inability to predict a school board member incumbent's defeat, and developed a model that would have predicted those Ohio school board elections. Hunt attempted to develop a statistical model of socioeconomic-political…

Identification and explication of construct relationships, under conditions of extraneous variable control in multiple regression and its multivariate analog, canonical analysis, were studied. Several data models were generated as a function of the interaction of partial correlation and orthogonal linear transformations on nursing examination…

Some early childhood variables are examined to evaluate their predictive validity. The selection of children needing early childhood Title I services is complicated by the lack of criteria for defining who is educationally disadvantaged and the special problems of early childhood testing and measurement. The study used re-analysis of longitudinal…

Ridge regression is presented as an analytic technique to be used when predictor variables in a multiple linear regression situation are highly correlated, a situation which may result in unstable regression coefficients and difficulties in interpretation. Ridge regression avoids the problem of selection of variables that may occur in stepwise…

The predictive validity of the new Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) was examined; the validity coefficients were compared to those obtained from previous versions of the MCAT and from performance data gathered early in a first-year basic science program. Data were collected from about 400 medical students, including: (1) MCAT…

The "Trouble Shooting" Checklist (TSC) for Higher Educational Settings has been developed to assist educational change agents, faculty, and administrators concerned with change, in their assessment of organizational variables predictive of a department's potential for successfully adopting innovations. The higher educational based TSC is both…

Two approaches were used to predict State Board Examinations (SBE) results for students in four schools of nursing. Multiple regression was used to predict scores of 191 nurses who graduated and took the SBE. Discriminant function analysis was used for 375 nursing students to predict students who would take and pass the SBE from those who would…

The reliability and validity of an instrument designed to predict dimensions of community adjustment of schizophrenic patients released to reside in the outside community was investigated. Cross-validation was only modestly successful. (JKS)

The article describes a series of studies that was implemented over a five-year period to validate a teacher selection system which demonstrated important relationships between measured teacher verbal and quantitative ability and quality of classroom instruction. The need to validate personnel interview and essay techniques is discussed.…

Compared with data from civilian institutions, data from two graduating classes at the United States Military Academy showed extrordinary stability of independently calculated grade point averages from freshman to senior years and no decline in the validity of Scholastic Aptitude Tests and high school class rank as predictors of these GPAs over…

This study examined career teachers' allocation of extra work time within a conceptual framework influencing time use. Distinct groups prefering instructional tasks; student, or parent, counseling; or committee activities were identifiable in a prediction model. Teachers selected professional time uses congruent with their perceived skills and…