Demonstrated a set of research techniques that combine multidimensional scaling, a quantitative cognitive procedure, and a cost-outcome analysis to study subgroup behavior of obsessive-compulsives (N=12). Results indicated that obsessive-compulsives are underinclusive in their evaluation of stimuli during judgment task. (LLL)

Reviews risk of psychosocial problems related to drinking among "grown-up" children of alcoholics. Argues that genetic predisposition is best predictor available; this may be more influential near severe end of alcoholism spectrum, may be less influential in females, and may lead to differences in symptomatology and management.…

The present study examined the influence of cultural background on the causes of adolescents loneliness. Eighty Canadian youth and 168 adolescents from the Czech Republic formed the participants pool. They answered and 30 item yes/no questionnaire. The questionnaire is composed of five subscales, namely: Personal inadequacies, Developmental…

Results in this study suggest that it is possible to use performance on a moderator or predictability scale to select a subgroup for whom correspondence between two predictors and the criterion is much greater than that of a subgroup whose scores on the moderator indicate a lesser degree of correspondence. (Author/ES)

Examined client characteristics associated with individual outcome in a psychoeducational group treatment for depression. Posttreatment assessment showed all participants (N=75) improved markedly. Pretreatment depression severity, expectation of success, perception of mastery, age, reading ability, and perceived family support were predictive of…

Compared educational levels and drinking behaviors of 204 alcoholic women from various backgrounds. Results showed most alcoholic women starting drinking in high school or the early years of college. Those who dropped out of college were the heaviest drinkers, and started drinking younger. (JAC)

Contrasted communicator styles used within the marital relationship to styles used in general situations. Found that styles used in the relationship were different from those used in general. Also found attributes of a good communicator were affected by the relational aspect. (Author/RC)

This study set out to determine the relationship of each of 12 selected cognitive factors to physics achievement at the high school level. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the most promising predictors for boys were divergent production measures; convergent production for the girls. (Author/GK)

Studied adults who requested outpatient psychotherapy. Questionnaire items concerned the client's situation, past behavior in fulfilling commitments, self-prediction of session attendance, and reaction to the initial interview. A critical response scale proved highly predictive of the number of treatment sessions attended in both initial and…

Investigates the predictability of cognitive differences at 12 months from infant and maternal behaviors at 4 months. Overall, the results show that some individual differences in cognition may be predictable across the first year of life. (Author/RH)

Recall and recognition were tested in adults from each of six age decades. Memory test items occurred long ago. The difference between recall and recognition memory for this type of information was similar for all age groups. Retrieval deficits as a function of age were not observed. (Author/BEF)

Study assesses self-esteem, financial deprivation, number of alternate roles, and use of social support among unemployed participants. Financial deprivation, alternate roles, and social support each had a main effect on self-esteem. In addition, these variables interacted with gender to affect self-esteem. (Contains 76 references and 2 tables.)…

Investigates students' persistence regarding career aspirations in science and engineering (SE) professional careers as a function of race and sex. In a sample of 8th graders, men were more likely to persist in SE career aspirations. Academic proficiency and math self-efficacy were 2 of the strongest predictors of persistence in SE careers.…

Tested Gottfredson's (1981) compromise model by comparing the relative importance of sex-type, prestige, and interests under career preference and compromise choice situations using a policy-capturing paradigm with 37 participants. Found no support for Gottfredson's compromise model. (Author/ABL)

Examined attitudes toward elderly sexual behavior in college students (N=290). Found results indicated that the most salient factor related to attitudes was the specific behavior being evaluated and not the age, gender, or relationship to the subject. Presents implications of research. (Author/ABL)