Parental agreement was found to be more implicative for the psychological functioning of boys than girls and was positively related to the development of ego control in boys but negatively related to the development of ego control in girls. (Author/MP)

Two purposes of this study were to determine the relationship between scores on five scales of the Dimensions of Self-Concept (DOSC) and academic success, and to ascertain the differential validity of the DOSC scales in comparing Mexican-American junior high school males and females. (Author/GK)

Study results indicate that there is a relationship between grade point average and performance on the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy Licensure Examination (NABPLEX); that the relationship exists for graduates from different colleges; and that performance on NABPLEX by graduates from two different colleges is significantly different.…

Results of this comparison of treatment methods indicated that all groups improved significantly on drinking measures. Breath testing was found to be unhelpful as an assessment procedure. The degree to which therapists showed accurate empathy proved to be a good predictor of client outcome. (Author)

Concludes that age-related declines in intelligence and spontaneous flexibility during adulthood cannot be explained by increased anxiety. Age is a significant predictor either alone or with anxiety level taken into account, but anxiety level and the age/anxiety interaction do not add significantly to the prediction. (Author)

Finds that highly achievement-motivated, internal, independent female students got the highest grades. Indicates that some factors influencing achievement operate differently for males than for females. (Author/RL)

This study, using multivariate analysis and operationalized variables, examined possible risk factors for childhood sexual abuse (CSA) in 3,958 Australian women. The variables significantly associated with CSA were physical abuse, having a mother who was mentally ill, not having someone to confide in, and being socially isolated. Different…

Measured cognitive processing time, imagery skill, and spatial memory span of 128 children and adults, ages 8 to 20 years. Found that performance on spatial memory span tasks was largely predicted by imagery skill, which in turn was strongly linked to processing time; age was much less of a predictor in both cases. (EAJ)

We examined the correlation between sex and cognitive outcomes of a national sample of students at four-year institutions. Outcomes data included objective tests and self-reported gains. In the presence of controls for a wide variety of potentially confounding variables, significant differences were found between women and men in outcomes and in…

This study examined interrelations among 7- to 11-year-olds' typical emotions, goals, and behavior during peer conflict and the predictive value of emotions and goals for behavior. Findings indicated that children's goal friendliness during peer conflict related to low anger and high sadness intensity. Children reporting nonconstructive behavior…

Examined factors predicting body dissatisfaction for seventh- and tenth-grade girls and boys in the second wave of a 3-year study of psychosocial maturity. Identified high body mass index, greater figure management, and being teased about appearance as risk factors for girls' body dissatisfaction. Being teased was boys' only significant risk…

Studied perceptions of self-competence and task values, documenting domain-specific growth trajectories for 761 children from grade 1 through 12. Found that self- perceptions of competence and subjective task values declined as children got older, although extent and rate of decline varied across domains. Found significant gender differences in…

Examined factors influencing college persistence of men and women. Having children has a negative impact on men's persistence but a positive impact on women's persistence. Being Black raises persistence significantly only for women. Age, marriage, and hours worked have a negative impact; and family income, GPA, and being Asian have a positive…

Explores the relation between reason for dropping out and substance use in Mexican American and White adolescents. Results revealed that for Mexican American adolescents, substance use was highest among those who left school to be with their friends and lowest among those who left for family-related reasons. Among White adolescents, there were no…

Examines the relationship between depression symptomatology and functional impairment among white and African American elderly people. Results indicate that although African American elderly people were more impaired in the performance of daily living activities, they did not experience higher levels of depression. However, African Americans did…