Women and men tend to be defined by their marital and parental status; thus, these factors may be crucial in understanding societal attitudes toward working men and women. The influence of marital and parental status on perceived job performance was investigated with a college undergraduate sample (N=128). From paragraph descriptions that varied…

Recent research in linguistic theory and language acquisition theory has progressed to the point where more detailed hypotheses can be made about the interaction of language learning and linguistic theory. These hypotheses can be used to make more precise predictions about prerequisite knowledge for learning a particular construction and the…

The Feasibility of developing an index to represent the degree of consistency with which a student responds to a set of items in a homogeneous scale is investigated. The dispersion of responses to a set of items by a group of subjects has typically been measured by the standard deviation. Here, the interest is in the dispersion of responses from…

Examined reading habits and activities which may require skills used in prose recall tasks as they occurred in everyday lives of young (N=18), middle-aged (N=18), and older (N=18) adults who kept structured diaries. Everyday activities and reading habits were related to daily life requirements. Pattern of activities was influenced by current…

Assessed degree to which anxiety, hostility, depression, and metamemory predicted recall performance on word list and prose passage. Results from 65 older and 65 younger adults indicated different patterns of personality predictors and some consistent metamemory predictors across tasks. Different measures of anxiety related differently to…

Compared psychological and social characteristics of two groups of juvenile rapists (N=16) and a control group (N=16) of adolescents with histories of nonsexually assaultive behavior. Results showed that rapists who had assaulted younger victims seemed very different from both the rapists with older victims and the controls. Implications for…

Factor analysis of responses from 527 college students revealed four separate dimensions of parental support: general support, physical affection, companionship, and sustained contact. Regression analysis revealed that daughters' self-esteem is best predicted by mothers' general support and fathers' physical affection. Sons' self-esteem is best…

Used five national surveys to investigate the relationship between attitudes toward extramarital sexual relations and a group of predictor variables. Results indicated that size of community was strongly and directly related to extramarital attitudes, along with premarital sexual permissiveness, level of education, and marital happiness/status.…

Examined preference of five long-term care arrangements among 1,240 older adults. Respondents most frequently preferred care from relatives or employees in their own homes, and selected moving into relatives' homes least often. Marital status, income, race, and availability of informal support were significantly associated some arrangement…

Examined factors associated with marital interaction, particularly women's employment and marital happiness, in a nationwide sample of 2,034 men and women. Results suggested interaction is reduced by both men's and women's job involvement, children, and a traditional division of household labor. Marital quality was the most important predictor.…

Explored values of children among 163 mothers and their adolescent children and compared these values related to other adolescent characteristics. Results suggested the values of children are similar in adolescents and adults, and a positive relationship was found between values and fertility preferences. (JAC)

Examined the relationship between drinking and criminal behavior among 342 adolescent offenders. Results showed drinking is strongly associated with minor offenses. Relative to background and behavioral factors, drinking is the strongest single predictor of serious criminal offenses among Blacks, with less importance for whites and little…

Interviewed 63 nonworking and 42 working mothers with a first baby to examine the relationship between previous work involvement and the experience of first-time motherhood. Results showed high-work-involvement women tended to report greater irritability and higher costs of motherhood. For working mothers, work involvement was generally unrelated…

Questions whether role loss significantly influences volunteering, based on data from a sample of 4,339 older adults. Findings suggested that other social characteristics such as socioeconomic status and gender have a greater influence on volunteer patterns. (JAC)

Investigated job-seeker preferences for selected job factors in a study of 266 students who rated fictitious job descriptions. Results showed adequate pay was relatively more important than factors related to the type of work. Sex, age, grade average, parents' income, experience, and achievement need influenced students' attitudes. (JAC)