Vocational identity is an important construct for physician career development. Physician vocational development has been grouped into three tasks (crystallization, specification, and implementation) pertaining to career choice and specialty choice (1) In defining the construct of vocational identity, it has been suggested that the relation…

In an attempt to validate the findings of other researchers regarding the development of conceptual perspective taking, this study used Taylor's (1988) 2-tiered model to examine development of perspective taking among 40 3- to 5-year-olds. Participating were 22 males and 18 females from English-speaking backgrounds attending a preschool in…

This paper presents findings from a district-wide survey of 7th grade students in a semi-rural school district where 23% of the students are Latino. Participating students completed the California School Climate and Safety Survey which assesses student perceptions regarding general school climate and personal safety-related experiences.…

Data from the present study do suggest the existence of some relationships between associative commonality responses and measures of associational fluency and neuroticism. (Author)

Purpose of the study is to examine relationships between internality and achievement-related variables in a performance situation where students determine the difficulty level at which they desire to work. (Authors)

Kindergarten predictors, Otis-Lennon IQ, group and individual Bender scores, and teachers' ratings were correlated with first-grade Stanford Achievement Test scores from 152 children from three schools in the same school district and fourth-grade Ohio Survey Test scores from 102 of the same children. (Author/PN)

Studied differences between 43 female and male students in academic achievement; level of occupational plans; delay of gratification; feelings of personal control; and concepts of present self, ideal self, and self in five years. Differences favored the females for academic achievement and the males for level of occupational plans. (JAC)

Analyzes data from eight epidemiological surveys to estimate the relative importance of income, education, and occupational status in predicting the distress of people in the normal population. Finds that the most important predictors of distress are different for men, women in the labor force, and homemakers. (Author/GC)

Administered six cognitive tasks to 115 men aged 50-93. Obtained two factors. The nonverbal performance factor was significantly predicted by age while the verbal factor was significantly predicted by education. The results suggest that verbal and nonverbal abilities may be determined by different antecedents. (Author)

A test was given to 322 secondary students to develop a profile of mathematical ability based on four components: computation, pattern recognition, logical reasoning, and symbolic manipulation. These profiles were compared to mathematics test scores; the results verified hypotheses about individual differences in mental processes and knowledge…

Discusses the results of research using data from three national surveys of vocational education students. The findings reveal several variables affecting the long- and short-term benefits of various types of vocational education and postsecondary vocational training for men and women. (PGD)

Data from a national sample found that cohabitors are more violent than marrieds. However, cohabitors over 30, divorced women, those with high incomes, and those who were together for over ten years, had very low rates of violence. Suggests cohabitation should not be seen as a unitary phenomenon. (Author)

Whether the race of elementary school teachers in black schools was associated with teachers' expectations for student achievement and perceptions of effort was investigated. Evidence suggested that teacher race was associated only with expectations for college success. (Author/GK)

Two groups of disabled readers, ages 8 and 11, were tested. Perceptual abilities related more strongly for younger students, while intelligence related more strongly for older students. Questions are raised about the validity of using expectancy formulae with younger disabled readers and the "learning disabilities" approach with older disabled…

This study was designed to identify those females who are predicted to fall substantially below their male counterparts in mathematical participation and performance (female potential underachievers) and who are most in need of intervention procedures early in their college career. (Author/CE)