An examination of the performance of Grade 10 boys and girls on six Career Development Inventory subscales (dependent variables) through use of a three-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) on sex, father's education, and father's occupation (independent or classificatory variables) is presented. (Author/AL)

Examined mother-child interaction predictors of initial levels and changes in child aggressive and disruptive behavior at school from kindergarten to third grade in 585 mother-child dyads. Found that for boys, high coercion and nonaffection were particularly associated with the high-increasing-aggression trajectory, but for girls, high levels of…

Explores the relationship among self-disclosure, discloser gender, expressiveness, instrumentality, and group social environment in personal growth classes. Focuses on individual personality and group social environment characteristics in an established group. Results indicate that expressiveness, instrumentality, and the relationship dimension of…

Assessed whether the timing of prenatal care related to low birth weight delivery, adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors. Data on births to white and African American women showed no benefits for early initiation of prenatal care in reducing the risk of low birth weight.(SM)

Used mothers' generalized beliefs about adolescents to predict mother's expectations for her own sixth- or seventh-grader's adolescent years. Found that generalized beliefs predicted mother's expectations even after accounting for the adolescent's current attributes. Greater beliefs that adolescents are upstanding/prosocial predicted greater…

Examined the relationship between academic performance and various contextual factors for urban, African American high school freshmen. Survey data indicated that gender, peers' church attendance, and percentage of relatives completing high school were significant in predicting positive academic outcomes. Perception of neighborhood deterioration…

Examined associations between leisure time and occupational physical activity (PA) across the lifespan and pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer. Data on women age 40-85 years indicated that strenuous PA related to reduced breast cancer risk among both pre- and postmenopausal women. The effects were strongest for women active at least 20 years…

Examines the impact of gender, learning disability status, and sources of efficacy on self-efficacy beliefs and academic achievement in the concept of Bandura's self-efficacy theory. Results revels that LD status had indirect influence on self-efficacy via the source variable; gender did not have influences; and sources of efficacy had direct…

Compared to age-matched and language-matched controls, 15 autistic children (mean age of 45 months) who were administered the Early Social-Communication Scales displayed deficits in gestural joint attention skills in 2 testing sessions 13 months apart. The measure of gestural nonverbal joint attention predicted language development in subjects.…

Investigates the extent to which thinking skills and mathematical competency would predict the course performance of freshman and sophomore science majors enrolled in physics courses. Finds that algebra ability and critical thinking skills were the best predictors. (Author/YP)

A disappointment model was used to examine expressive control in four- and five-year-old children with low, moderate, or high risk for disruptive behavior. Boys' anger predicted their disruptiveness during the disappointment. Girls' minimization of negative emotion predicted attention deficit and conduct disorder symptoms. (WP)

Analyzed predictors of end-of-treatment (4 months) smoking cessation and subsequent relapse at 12 and 24 months among 3,923 participants enrolled in a 12-week cognitive-behavioral group smoking-cessation program. Men were more likely than women to quit smoking initially, but relapse rates were similar for both genders. Clinical implications are…

Presents a new measure of retrieval evaluation called corrected precision, which refines the traditional measures of recall and precision by taking into account differences among users in their selectivity when judging document relevance. The formula for calculating corrected precision is explained, and results from an empirical study of relevance…

In a random sample of 1,088 men in the Charleston (South Carolina) Heart Study, differences in all-cause or coronary disease mortality rates were not significant for African-American and white males when socioeconomic status was controlled. Socioeconomic status appears to be an important predictor of mortality. (SLD)

Examined relationship between gender and sex role orientation of clients as predictors of counselors' interpersonal impressions of them and treatment expectancies. Findings from 16 counseling psychology doctoral student counselors concerning 47 clients suggest that highly masculine and highly feminine clients (regardless of gender) are perceived…