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Catarina Vales; Zach Branson; Anna V. Fisher – Infant and Child Development, 2025
Cognitive tasks are seldom evaluated on their ability to provide valid and reliable measurements of the construct they intend to measure. This scarcity of psychometric evaluations makes it challenging to evaluate replications of experimental effects and to relate performance in cognitive tasks to other constructs of interest. In developmental…
Descriptors: Child Development, Psychometrics, Semantics, Preschool Children
Reut Shachnai; Mika Asaba; Lingyan Hu; Julia A. Leonard – Child Development, 2025
Overparenting--taking over and completing developmentally appropriate tasks for children--is pervasive and hurts children's motivation. Can overparenting in early childhood be reduced by simply framing tasks as learning opportunities? In Study 1 (N = 77; 62% female; 74% White; collected 4/2022), US parents of 4-to-5-year-olds reported taking over…
Descriptors: Parenting Styles, Parent Child Relationship, Preschool Children, Developmentally Appropriate Practices
Venus Ho; Emily Stonehouse; Ori Friedman – Developmental Psychology, 2024
Although stories for children often feature supernatural and fantastical events, children themselves often prefer realistic events when choosing what should happen in a story. In two experiments, we investigated whether 3- to 5-year-olds (total N = 240 from diverse backgrounds) might be more likely to include fantastical events in stories about…
Descriptors: Fiction, Fantasy, Child Development, Preferences
Lydia Paulin Schidelko; Hannes Rakoczy – Cognitive Science, 2025
The standard view on Theory of Mind (ToM) is that the mastery of the false belief (FB) task around age 4 marks the ontogenetic emergence of full-fledged meta-representational ToM. Recently, a puzzling finding has emerged: Once children master the FB task, they begin to fail true belief (TB) control tasks. This finding threatens the validity of FB…
Descriptors: Childrens Attitudes, Theory of Mind, Beliefs, Young Children
Nahide Gungordu; Maria Hernandez-Reif; David I. Walker; Stefanie A. Wind – International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 2025
The emergence of prosocial tendencies in early childhood is still not well understood and not commonly tested with direct measures. This study investigated predictors of prosocial behavior (i.e., prosocial decision-making and prosocial creativity) in 3-to-5-year-old children and explored the role of demographic factors on empathy and moral…
Descriptors: Empathy, Preschool Children, Prosocial Behavior, Predictor Variables
Cheng, Chen; Kibbe, Melissa M. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Children live in a dynamic environment, in which objects continually change locations and move into and out of occlusion. Children must therefore rely on working memory to store information from the environment and to update those stored representations as the environment changes. Previous work suggests that the ability to store information in…
Descriptors: Child Development, Preschool Children, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Ability
Noyes, Alexander; Dunham, Yarrow; Keil, Frank C. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
We systematically compared beliefs about animal (e.g., "lion"), artifactual (e.g., "hammer"), and institutional (e.g., "police officer") categories, aiming to identify whether people draw different inferences about which categories are subjective and which are socially constituted. We conducted two studies with 270…
Descriptors: Animals, Preschool Children, Children, Child Development
Marulis, Loren M.; Nelson, Lindsey J. – Metacognition and Learning, 2021
Metacognition--knowledge, monitoring, and regulation of cognition--is key to learning and academic achievement. This is robustly supported for K-12 and higher education learners while empirical evidence in early childhood is encouraging but limited. To address these gaps in the literature, our first goal was to investigate early metacognition…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Executive Function, Learning Motivation, Problem Solving
Linghui Chu; Gail E. Joseph – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2024
The study sought to understand the general trajectory of children's executive function, as well as whether there was heterogeneity among monolingual English-speaking and dual language learning children in their growth of executive function. In addition, the study examined whether monolingual English-speaking and dual language learning children…
Descriptors: Executive Function, English (Second Language), English, Monolingualism
Wang, Hua-Chen; Nation, Kate; Gaskell, M. Gareth; Robidoux, Serje; Weighall, Anna; Castles, Anne – Child Development, 2022
This study explored whether a daytime nap aids children's acquisition of letter-sound knowledge, which is a fundamental component for learning to read. Thirty-two preschool children in Sydney, Australia (M[subscript age] = 4 years;3 months) were taught letter-sound mappings in two sessions: one followed by a nap and the other by a wakeful period.…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Phoneme Grapheme Correspondence, Teaching Methods, Foreign Countries
Köksal, Özgün; Sodian, Beate – European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2023
Understanding that hypothesis testing is aimed at seeking information rather than producing desirable outcomes is indispensable for designing informative experiments. This study investigated the developmental course of information seeking compared to producing an effect in young children. In a between-subjects design, 4- to 6-year-olds (N = 109)…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Information Seeking, Hypothesis Testing, Child Development
Slonecker, Emily M.; Klemfuss, J. Zoe – Developmental Psychology, 2023
The extant literature on the use of autonomy support during caregiver-child conversations has focused primarily on conversations about fun, shared experiences, with limited consideration of unshared experiences or attention toward the role of conversation context. The present study examined how autonomy support, conversation context, and child age…
Descriptors: Memory, Personal Autonomy, Prediction, Preschool Children
Caitlin E. V. Mahy; Ege Kamber; Maria C. Conversano; Ulrich Mueller; Sascha Zuber – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2024
Although laboratory studies have examined the development of children's prospective memory (PM) and the factors that influence its performance, much less is known about children's PM performance and development in their everyday life. The current study used an online parent diary report approach to examine American 2- to 6-year-olds' PM successes…
Descriptors: Parent Attitudes, Diaries, Failure, Age Differences
López Assef, Belén; Desmeules-Trudel, Félix; Bernard, Amélie; Zamuner, Tania S. – Child Development, 2021
Research has found mixed evidence for the production effect in childhood. Some studies have found a positive effect of production on word recognition and recall, while others have found the reverse. This paper takes a developmental approach to investigate the production effect. Children aged 2-6 years (n = 150) from a predominantly white…
Descriptors: Child Development, Word Recognition, Recall (Psychology), Whites
Zhang, Xiaowen; Zhou, Peng – First Language, 2022
It has been well-documented that although children around 4 years start to attribute false beliefs to others in classic false-belief tasks, they are still less able to evaluate the truth-value of propositional belief-reporting sentences, especially when belief conflicts with reality. This article investigates whether linguistic cues, verb…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Beliefs, Task Analysis, Sentences