Problems in measuring change abound. For many purposes, a pretest score is best treated as any other measure obtained at the time of the pretest. Where appropriate, regression analyses that treat the pretest no differently from other independent variables, and the posttest as the dependent variable avoid many difficulties introduced by gain…

Historical regression uses the assumption that without intervention, growth at post-test will proceed at the same rate as at pre-test. Several methods of historical regression are compared with an illustrative example. (JKS)

The accuracy with which regression models estimate treatment effects is dependent upon a number of conditions. The stability of the regression line (a function of sample size and correlation between pretest and posttest) is said to be the most important of these conditions. The utility of regression models is proportional to the size of the…

An integral part of Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act programs has been the evaluation of these programs in terms of attainment of increments of gain in reading and mathematics. One of the most widely used methods of analyzing pre and post test norm referenced data has been the six-step historical regression procedure. This…

The reduction of data collected as part of the Carroll County, Georgia, Competency Based Teacher Certification Project is discussed. Data were collected on more than 1800 students in 59 classrooms (grades 1 - 12) during the 1974-75 school year. Data collected on teachers and students were reduced to classroom-level indices so that process-product…