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Reichardt, Richárd; Polner, Bertalan; Simor, Péter – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2023
Curiosity predicts memory performance and it is influenced by prior knowledge. Reading a well-organized text can increase curiosity in a classroom setting, however it is not clear if reading a short text written in an encyclopedic style can increase curiosity and learning without explicit educational goals. We presented participants with a short…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Learning Processes, Learning Motivation, Recall (Psychology)
Carmin Chan – ProQuest LLC, 2023
Student veterans are often viewed in popular culture with a deficit mindset. They are "wounded warriors" who are navigating mental health challenges, academically underprepared, and non-traditional students balancing other responsibilities beyond college. Despite potential lingering effects of military service, student veterans bring…
Descriptors: Veterans, Veterans Education, Prior Learning, Universities
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William P. McCarthy; David Kirsh; Judith E. Fan – Cognitive Science, 2023
The ability to reason about how things were made is a pervasive aspect of how humans make sense of physical objects. Such reasoning is useful for a range of everyday tasks, from assembling a piece of furniture to making a sandwich and knitting a sweater. What enables people to reason in this way even about novel objects, and how do people draw…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Scientific Concepts, Manipulative Materials, Task Analysis
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Geffen, Susan; Curtin, Suzanne; Graham, Susan A. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2023
By 12 months, English-learning infants have an awareness of the sound patterns of word forms that constitute acceptable labels for objects in their native language. In the following experiments, we replicated and extended previous findings that Canadian English-learning infants will not link function-like words with novel objects. Across three…
Descriptors: English, Infants, Language Acquisition, Play
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Elazar, Amit; Alhama, Raquel G.; Bogaerts, Louisa; Siegelman, Noam; Baus, Cristina; Frost, Ram – Cognitive Science, 2022
How does prior linguistic knowledge modulate learning in verbal auditory statistical learning (SL) tasks? Here, we address this question by assessing to what extent the frequency of syllabic co-occurrences in the learners' native language determines SL performance. We computed the frequency of co-occurrences of syllables in spoken Spanish through…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Native Language, Syllables, Auditory Perception
Kayrn P. Higgs; Alecia M. Santuzzi; Cody Gibson; Ryan D. Kopatich; Daniel P. Feller; Joseph P. Magliano – Grantee Submission, 2023
Reading is typically guided by a task or goal (e.g., studying for a test, writing a paper). A reader's task awareness arises from their mental representation of the task and plays an important role in guiding reading processes, ultimately influencing comprehension outcomes and task success. As such, a better understanding of how task awareness…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Strategies, Task Analysis, Mediation Theory
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Laurie-Anne Sapey-Triomphe; Gaëtan Sanchez; Marie-Anne Hénaff; Sandrine Sonié; Christina Schmitz; Jérémie Mattout – npj Science of Learning, 2023
Predictive coding theories suggest that core symptoms in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may stem from atypical mechanisms of perceptual inference (i.e., inferring the hidden causes of sensations). Specifically, there would be an imbalance in the precision or weight ascribed to sensory inputs relative to prior expectations. Using three tactile…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Tactual Perception, Sensory Integration, Comparative Analysis
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Rehrig, Gwendolyn L.; Cheng, Michelle; McMahan, Brian C.; Shome, Rahul – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2021
A major problem in human cognition is to understand how newly acquired information and long-standing beliefs about the environment combine to make decisions and plan behaviors. Over-dependence on long-standing beliefs may be a significant source of suboptimal decision-making in unusual circumstances. While the contribution of long-standing beliefs…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Decision Making, Semantics, Bayesian Statistics
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Stärk, Katja; Kidd, Evan; Frost, Rebecca L. A. – Language Learning, 2023
Statistical learning, the ability to extract regularities from input (e.g., in language), is likely supported by learners' prior expectations about how component units co-occur. In this study, we investigated how adults' prior experience with sublexical regularities in their native language influences performance on an empirical language learning…
Descriptors: Linguistic Input, Adults, Prior Learning, Task Analysis
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Yoojin Chung; Andrea Révész – Language Teaching Research, 2024
This study examined the extent to which textual enhancement incorporated into the post-task stage of task-based reading lessons can promote development in second language (L2) grammatical knowledge. The participants were 49 child language learners who participated in task-based reading lessons in their own classroom contexts. They were randomly…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Child Language, Morphemes, Prior Learning
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Schatz, Jule; Jones, Steven J.; Laird, John E. – Cognitive Science, 2022
The Remote Associates Test (RAT) is a word association retrieval task that consists of a series of problems, each with three seemingly unrelated prompt words. The subject is asked to produce a single word that is related to all three prompt words. In this paper, we provide support for a theory in which the RAT assesses a person's ability to…
Descriptors: Association Measures, Associative Learning, Recall (Psychology), Long Term Memory
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Saerys-Foy, Jeffrey E.; LoCasto, Paul C.; Burn, David; Ferranti, Daniella – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2022
According to theories of validation, people routinely check incoming information against prior knowledge during comprehension. On these theories, information is validated if it fits with prior knowledge. Some researchers argue that information needs to be successfully validated before being incorporated into the situation model. We report five…
Descriptors: Fantasy, Reading Rate, Prior Learning, Reading Comprehension
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Cayado, Dave Kenneth Tayao; Chan, Ricky K. W. – Language Learning, 2023
Previous studies have shown that prior linguistic knowledge affects semantic implicit learning when stimuli are presented in the first language. We report an experiment that investigated whether such crosslinguistic influence from the first language would still emerge in the second language for semantic implicit learning of novel articles and…
Descriptors: Semantics, Prior Learning, Native Language, English (Second Language)
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Wenting Song; Jeannine E. Turner – Foreign Language Annals, 2025
This study explored Chinese heritage language learners' prior Mandarin experiences and their current Mandarin-learning experiences to reveal factors that influence their motivation and intention to continue or discontinue their Mandarin coursework. Using a Grounded Theory approach, we conducted demographic surveys and semi-structured interviews…
Descriptors: Heritage Education, Learning Motivation, Mandarin Chinese, Second Language Learning
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Min Gao; Jiancheng Qian; Ushba Rasool – SAGE Open, 2024
This study investigates the impact of task-induced involvement and time on task on incidental second language (L2) vocabulary acquisition. Utilizing a 3 (task-induced involvement) × 2 (time on task) × 2 (post-test time) research design, three task-induced involvement conditions were employed based on the Involvement Load Hypothesis (ILH): reading…
Descriptors: Time on Task, Incidental Learning, Task Analysis, Correlation
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