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Lu, Jiannan; Ding, Peng; Dasgupta, Tirthankar – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2018
Assessing the causal effects of interventions on ordinal outcomes is an important objective of many educational and behavioral studies. Under the potential outcomes framework, we can define causal effects as comparisons between the potential outcomes under treatment and control. However, unfortunately, the average causal effect, often the…
Descriptors: Outcomes of Treatment, Mathematical Applications, Probability, Behavioral Science Research
Ghosh, Indranil – ProQuest LLC, 2011
Consider a discrete bivariate random variable (X, Y) with possible values x[subscript 1], x[subscript 2],..., x[subscript I] for X and y[subscript 1], y[subscript 2],..., y[subscript J] for Y. Further suppose that the corresponding families of conditional distributions, for X given values of Y and of Y for given values of X are available. We…
Descriptors: Information Theory, Models, Programming, Mathematical Applications
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Galbraith, Peter – Teaching Mathematics and Its Applications, 1996
Suggests ways for using data from championship tennis as a means for exploring probabilistic models, especially binomial probability. Examples include the probability of winning a service point and the probability of winning a service game using data from tables and graphs. (AIM)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Mathematical Applications, Mathematical Models, Mathematics Instruction
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Hinders, Duane C. – Mathematics Teacher, 1990
Discusses the use or misuse of statistics or probability in society. Presented are examples from opinion polling, sports, the 1970 draft lottery, and the law. Lists 18 references. (YP)
Descriptors: Data Interpretation, Mathematical Applications, Mathematical Concepts, Mathematical Logic