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Maag, John W. – Journal of Education and Learning, 2020
High probability request (high-"p") sequences, based on the momentum of behavior principle, have been an effective intervention for improving compliance and work completion for students who display challenging behaviors. They have been portrayed as a low-intensity intervention because of being perceived as simple, clear, and easy for any…
Descriptors: Probability, Sequential Approach, Intervention, Compliance (Psychology)
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Borgen, John G.; Mace, F. Charles; Cavanaugh, Brenna M.; Shamlian, Kenneth; Lit, Keith R.; Wilson, Jillian B.; Trauschke, Stephanie L. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2017
We evaluated a unique procedure to establish compliance with instructions in four young children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who had low levels of compliance. Our procedure included methods to establish a novel therapist as a source of positive reinforcement, reliably evoke orienting responses to the therapist, increase the…
Descriptors: Compliance (Psychology), Young Children, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
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Bross, Leslie Ann; Common, Eric Alan; Oakes, Wendy Peia; Lane, Kathleen Lynne; Menzies, Holly M.; Ennis, Robin Parks – Beyond Behavior, 2018
High-probability request sequence (HPRS) is a low-intensity strategy designed to increase student compliance by creating behavioral momentum. Momentum is established by providing three to five requests that a noncompliant student is most likely to do followed quickly by a less preferred request. Herein, we describe a step-by-step process for using…
Descriptors: Probability, Classroom Techniques, Teaching Methods, Compliance (Psychology)
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Alcott, Benjamin – Research in Higher Education, 2017
Theory suggests that teacher encouragement can aid students' educational progress, but there are not yet quantitative inferential studies that assess its longer-term impact. With data from the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (LSYPE), I use propensity-score matching to investigate whether encouragement influences the likelihood of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Teacher Behavior, Positive Reinforcement, Teacher Influence
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Pitts, Laura; Dymond, Simon – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2012
Research on the high-probability (high-p) request sequence shows that compliance with low-probability (low-p) requests generally increases when preceded by a series of high-p requests. Few studies have conducted formal preference assessments to identify the consequences used for compliance, which may partly explain treatment failures, and still…
Descriptors: Intervals, Mental Retardation, Autism, Reinforcement
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Fletcher, Kathryn L.; Finch, W. Holmes – Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 2015
The purpose of the current study was to examine how maternal reading strategies and book type would impact on toddlers' responsiveness as they became familiar with three books. Eleven mothers and their 2- to 3-year-olds were recorded reading the same set of three different books (i.e. word book, narrative book and no narrative book) on four…
Descriptors: Familiarity, Books, Mothers, Toddlers
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Roantree, Christina F.; Kennedy, Craig H. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
We analyzed the inappropriate social interactions of 3 students with Asperger's syndrome whose behavior was maintained by social positive reinforcement. We tested whether inappropriate social behavior was sensitive to social positive reinforcement contingencies and whether such contingencies could be reversed to increase the probability of…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Asperger Syndrome, Probability, Positive Reinforcement
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Everhart, Brett; Everhart, Kim; McHugh, Heather; Newman, Chelsea Dimon; Hershey, Kacie; Lorenzi, David – Education, 2013
This study was intended to provide a description of teaching and learning patterns seen in the lessons taught by experts and novices in Adapted Physical Education. Two experts who had won previous state teaching awards and served in leadership positions in state associations were filmed and their lessons were analyzed first to develop a systematic…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Physical Education Teachers, Adapted Physical Education, Video Technology
Jensen, Greg; Neuringer, Allen – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2009
In most studies of choice under concurrent schedules of reinforcement, two physically identical operanda are provided. In the "real world," however, more than two choice alternatives are often available and biases are common. This paper describes a method for studying choices among an indefinite number of alternatives when large biases are…
Descriptors: Positive Reinforcement, Animals, Research Methodology, Rewards
Pence, Sacha T.; Roscoe, Eileen M.; Bourret, Jason C.; Ahearn, William H. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2009
This study compared the outcomes of three descriptive analysis methods--the ABC method, the conditional probability method, and the conditional and background probability method--to each other and to the results obtained from functional analyses. Six individuals who had been diagnosed with developmental delays and exhibited problem behavior…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement, Developmental Delays
Zuluaga, Carlos A.; Normand, Matthew P. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2008
We assessed the effects of reinforcement and no reinforcement for compliance to high-probability (high-p) instructions on compliance to low-probability (low-p) instructions using a reversal design. For both participants, compliance with the low-p instruction increased only when compliance with high-p instructions was followed by reinforcement.…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Positive Reinforcement, Probability, Compliance (Psychology)
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Ducharme, Joseph M.; Sanjuan, Elena; Drain, Tammy – Behavior Modification, 2007
Errorless compliance training is a noncoercive, success-focused approach to treatment of problem behavior in children. The intervention involves graduated exposure of a child to increasingly more challenging requests at a slow enough rate to ensure that noncompliance rarely occurs, providing parents with many opportunities to reinforce cooperative…
Descriptors: Probability, Asperger Syndrome, Compliance (Psychology), Behavior Modification
Roantree, Christina F.; Kennedy, Craig H. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2006
Previous studies have shown that presession attention for problem behavior can serve as an abolishing operation when attention functions as a positive reinforcer. In the current study, we show that the stereotypy of a child with severe disabilities was undifferentiated during standard analogue functional analysis conditions. However, when…
Descriptors: Positive Reinforcement, Behavior Problems, Attention Deficit Disorders, Research Methodology
Weir, Morton W. – 1965
In a 1964 investigation of the effects of age and memory on problem solving, using subjects from age three to age nineteen, it was found that the youngest and oldest subjects performed a three-choice probabilistic task significantly different from the "middle-age" children (7 to 9 years old). The three-choice task was an apparatus with a…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Learning