Mathematical proficiency is essential to supporting students' success in learning mathematics. It is the ability to use conceptual understanding, procedural fluency, strategic competence, adaptive reasoning, and productive disposition in problem-solving. Cognitive independence shows students' ability to process information. Meanwhile, motivation…

The study aimed to determine whether there is a difference between the perceptions of pre-service teachers' problem-solving skills according to various factors. 297 pre-service teachers from Afyon Kocatepe University Faculty of Education in the province of Afyonkarahisar in Turkey participated in the study. The group hidden figures test was used…

This study aims to examine the effect of Problem Based Learning learning strategies, cognitive styles, and their interaction on students' problem-solving ability in social studies subjects. The type of this research is a quasi-experiment with nonequivalent control group design. The number of samples used was 120 students consisting of 60 students…

The purpose of this research was to describe the positions and causes of students' errors in algebraic thinking based on the cognitive style. This study was qualitative research with subject consisting of twelve students. The results showed that (1) students with Field Independent type tended to make errors at the stage of comprehension,…

Linear pattern is the primary material in learning number patterns in junior high schools, but there are still many students who fail to generalize the linear pattern. The students' failure in generalizing the pattern occurred when the students ended to view the problems globally without breaking them into the constructors' components such as the…

This study has been carried out to compare the integrated science process of the students having field dependent and independent cognitive style. A total of 496 students (285 female, 211 male) participated using by stratified sampling method from seven high schools located in the Cappadocia Region of Turkey. While students' science process skills…

A study examined two dimensions of higher-order problem-solving skills: the ability to solve problems in an embedded context and the attitudes and preferences toward problem solving that suggest vocational self-understanding. The variables of gender and field-dependence cognitive style were used. Subjects were 238 secondary school marketing…

A study was conducted to determine whether chess instruction would change the measure of a student's field-dependence or field-independence as determined by the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) in the direction of stronger field independence. Field dependence/independence is a psychological construct referring to a global versus an analytical…