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Yeye Tang; Xu Du; Jui-Long Hung; Hao Li; Hengtao Tang; Yiqian Xie – Education and Information Technologies, 2024
Collaborative problem-solving (CPS) involves the interaction and interdependence of students' social and cognitive skills, making it a complex learning process. To delve into the complex dynamics of CPS, previous research has categorized socio-cognitive roles, providing insights into social-cognitive frameworks. However, despite the specific…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Relationship, Problem Solving, Online Courses, Cooperative Learning
Civettini, Nicole H. W. – Social Psychology Quarterly, 2007
This paper investigates the effects that different patterns of similarity among group members have on a group's performance on a problem-solving task. I discuss and test hypotheses on the effects of similarity on group performance derived from two literatures: balance theory and research on homophily. In an experiment I found that the relative…
Descriptors: Group Activities, Problem Solving, Productivity, Group Membership

Falk, Gideon – Small Group Behavior, 1981
Uses a laboratory experiment involving role-playing groups to show that an assigned majority rule is likely to lead to higher-quality solutions than unanimity and no-decision rule. Results indicated under majority rule workers resistance to the foreman's power often resulted in a successful search for a better solution. (JAC)
Descriptors: Decision Making, Group Dynamics, Group Structure, Groups

Garibaldi, Antoine M. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1979
High school students were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions to assess affective benefits of using cooperative and group goal structures on problem-solving tasks. Results showed that students who worked in groups performed better and expressed greater certainty and enjoyment of tasks than students who worked alone. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Affective Behavior, Competition, Cooperation

Mathews, Robert C.; And Others – Group and Organization Studies, 1982
Compared performances for male and female groups using three different group problem-solving procedures: unstructured, structured-open, and structured-forced. Results indicated that female groups performed better with the structured-forced procedure than with the structured-open procedure. Male groups performed better with the structured-open…
Descriptors: College Students, Comparative Analysis, Group Dynamics, Group Structure

Intagliata, James – Group: The Journal of the Eastern Group Psychotherapy Society, 1979
A structured approach to group therapy was added to an alcoholic treatment program previously offering only unstructured insight-oriented groups. Participants in the interpersonal problem-solving group therapy were generally very active in all sessions. Participants reported actively utilizing their learning after leaving the treatment program, a…
Descriptors: Alcoholism, Group Structure, Group Therapy, Interaction Process Analysis
Mitchell, Nancy; Danielson, Mary Ann – 1996
An underinvestigated aspect of advertising education is the consideration of methods by which groups effectively solve creative problems. Brainstorming has been popularly used by teams in classes to generate ideas; yet, little research exists that compares small group structures for creative problem solving. Bridging this gap, a study compared…
Descriptors: Advertising, Comparative Analysis, Creative Activities, Group Dynamics

Jimmerson, Ronald M. – Journal of the Community Development Society, 1984
Data from 12 rural community problem-solving groups working with extension agents were studied to explore the relationship between group and individual growth and (1) agent self-actualization and (2) certain group trait variables. Individual and group growth was found to be highly related to small group size, high ratings of problem importance,…
Descriptors: Community Characteristics, Community Development, Extension Agents, Group Dynamics

Laughlin, Patrick R. – Journal of Research and Development in Education, 1978
College students, ranked as high, medium, or low ability, were assigned to homogeneous or mixed-ability groups of two through five members for a test. Performance proved proportional to the number of high ability group members. The underlying group process was inferred through social decision scheme analysis. (Author/SJL)
Descriptors: Ability Grouping, College Students, Decision Making, Group Structure
Oser, Fritz – 1976
This study examined the issue of how groups of students attempting to solve problems can be taught to consider moral aspects of the problem at a mature level. Classes in Swiss cantons (N=42) were given one of three different moral problems. Each class was divided into eight groups. The three treatments were: (1) provision of additional background…
Descriptors: Cluster Grouping, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Developmental Stages

Ruhe, John A.; Allen, William R. – 1975
In this field study, black and white naval recruits and squad leaders in groups of varying size and racial composition performed two problem-solving tasks (knot-tying and ship-routing). Black and white leaders, subordinates and group composition (25% black tetrads, 75% black tetrads, racially balanced dyads and tetrads) were compared in measures…
Descriptors: Field Studies, Group Structure, Heterogeneous Grouping, Interaction Process Analysis

Lee, Miwha – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 1993
Describes a study of fifth- and sixth-grade students that investigated the patterns of peer interaction among students working cooperatively in small groups on a computer-based problem-solving task and the effects of gender and group composition on peer interaction. Suggestions for future research are included. (Contains 86 references.) (LRW)
Descriptors: Analysis of Variance, Computer Assisted Instruction, Cooperative Learning, Grade 5
Putnam, Linda L.; Bullis, Connie – 1983
A preliminary study investigating the perceptions of intergroup relations in the bargaining process supports Kenneth Burke's concepts of order and mystery. Questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations of teachers' and school boards' teams involved in contract negotiations show that people closest to the bargaining saw more order in the…
Descriptors: Arbitration, Boards of Education, Collective Bargaining, Communication Research
Cooke, Robert A.; Rousseau, Denise M. – 1981
Research of 25 Michigan elementary and secondary public schools is used to test a model relating organizations' problem-solving adequacy to their available inputs or resources and to the appropriateness of their structures. Problems that all organizations must solve, to avoid disorganization or entropy, include (1) getting inputs and producing…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Educational Resources, Elementary Secondary Education, Expenditure per Student
Roberts, William B.
The study presents the results of testing an original obersvation instrument designed to identify a power elite in multiple sessions of two eight-member adult discussion groups. Two questions guided the development of the study: (1) Can a power elite be identified in participation training groups? (2) Can an effective observation instrument with…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Behavioral Science Research, Decision Making, Evaluation Methods