Studies consistently show sex differences in married couples' use of demand and withdraw behavior. The social structure hypothesis proposes that these differences are the result of power differentials between spouses. This study examined the link between 3 aspects of marital power and demanding and withdrawal behavior. Contrary to social structure…

Compared decision-making style and problem-solving appraisal in 243 undergraduates. Results suggested that individuals who employ rational decision-making strategies approach problematic situations, while individuals who endorse dependent decisional strategies approach problematic situations without confidence in their problem-solving abilities.…

Assessed effects of intensive problem-solving training on outcomes related to counseling. Undergraduates participated in problem-solving workshop. Results indicated that training influenced the quality of response, but training did not increase the number of subjects' alternatives. (Author)

Compared an affective (Gestalt two-chair intervention) and a cognitive-behavioral (problem-solving) counseling intervention used to help clients resolve intrapersonal conflicts related to a decision. A one-way analysis of variance revealed that affective intervention was more effective than cognitive behavioral intervention or no treatment for…

The problem-solving process within counseling was analyzed by extending a problem-solving model proposed by D'Zurilla and Goldfried. The counseling process is a problem-solving event, a perspective that may lead researchers into new research problems and greater specificity. Research from psychological, industrial, and counseling fields delineated…

Examined effects of a course for families in democratic conflict resolution and moral reasoning of adolescent participants. Parents significantly increased equalitarian attitudes toward family decision making. Families significantly improved effectiveness in collective decision making, with parent-adolescent groups showing greater improvement than…

Examines a taxonomy of career decision-making difficulties. A questionnaire was administered to 563 young adults at the beginning of their career decision-making process. The relations among the 10 scales, which represent 10 theoretical categories of difficulties, and those among the items within 2 selected categories, were similar in the 2…

Changing one's mind and keeping the mind open will be essential decision-making skills in the future. Positive uncertainty helps clients deal with ambiguity, accept inconsistency, and use the intuitive side of choosing. (TE)

Examined possible subtypes of undecided students through cluster analysis. Undecided (N=87) and decided (N=26) college students were interviewed and completed career planning and problem solving instruments. Revealed four distinct subtypes of undecided students: planless avoiders, informed indecisives, confident but uninformed, and uninformed.…

From a perspective of psychological education, a training program in general problem-solving strategies was developed. The three-week program, based on a microcounseling paradigm, involved systematically teaching 30 sixth-grade children skills in problem definition, generation of alternatives, and goal selection. (Author)

Discussed identification of client goals and development of treatments with specified objectives, counseling components, and outcome measures meeting those goals. Volunteer counselors applied a career counseling treatment to undergraduates. Clients increased their knowledge of career decision making and satisfaction with career choices but not…

University students (N=32) with anxious vocational indecision were randomly assigned to five training conditions: (1) anxiety management; (2) problem-solving; (3) both of the above; (4) a placebo procedure; and (5) a no-treatment condition. A combination of anxiety-management and problem-solving training was proven more effective than either…