Many organizations utilize some form of automation in the test assembly process; either fully algorithmic or heuristically constructed. However, one issue with heuristic models is that when the test assembly problem changes the entire model may need to be re-conceptualized and recoded. In contrast, mixed-integer programming (MIP) is a mathematical…

This study aims to provide a deeper understanding about the Bebras tasks, which is one of the computational thinking (CT) unplugged activities, in terms of age level, task category, and CT skills. Explanatory sequential mixed method was adopted in the study in order to collect data according to the research questions. The participants of the study…

The purpose of this study was to compare three technologies: the item forms technology (domain-referenced testing) of Hively et al. (1968), the hierarchical or stratified item forms technology of Ferguson (1969), and the algorithmic technology of Scandura (1971, 1973). (Author/RK)