The period from adolescence through young adulthood is one of great promise and vulnerability. As teenagers approach maturity, they must develop and apply the skills and habits necessary to navigate adulthood and compete in an ever more technological and globalized world. But as parents and researchers have long known, there is a crucial dichotomy…

The aims of this paper are to affirm the importance of developing sequential models of psychological process-particularly of such complex psychological phenomena of prime concern to theory and application as learning, problem solving, and creativity-and to argue that factor analysis has delineated component processes for these sequential models.…

The history of instructional media research is marked by an emphasis on the use of the terminal performance to measure learning. Little attention has been paid to the processes of learning. However, some studies have identified cognitive strategies used in solving problems of concept identification. The task now is to find out the relationship of…

The hypothesis is investigated that unproportional experience with uncontrollable situations for black and lower class individuals leads to an increased susceptibility to the poorer cognitive performance indicative of helplessness. Black and white lower and middle-class second and tenth graders were given no problems, solvable diagraph problems,…