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Direct linkJian, Yu-Cin – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2022
This study used eye-movement tracking to investigate how students engage with the learning process of reading science articles with or without hands-on manipulation of a pulley system and their influences on learning outcomes. This experiment used a 2 (reading easy or difficult articles) × 2 (with or without hands-on manipulation) between-subject…
Descriptors: Difficulty Level, Undergraduate Students, Eye Movements, Hands on Science
MacGregor, James N.; Cunningham, John B. – Journal of Problem Solving, 2009
Insight problem solving is characterized by restructuring. We hypothesized that the difficulty of rebus puzzles could be manipulated by systematically varying the restructurings required to solve them. An experiment using rebus puzzles varied the number of restructurings (one or two) required to solve a problem and the level at which the…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Numbers, Difficulty Level, Puzzles
