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Download full textWhat Works Clearinghouse, 2014
The 2011 study, "Benefits of Practicing 4 = 2 + 2: Nontraditional Problem Formats Facilitate Children's Understanding of Mathematical Equivalence," examined the effects of addition practice using nontraditional problem formats on students' understanding of mathematical equivalence. In nontraditional problem formats, operations appear on…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Elementary School Students, Addition, Teaching Methods
Hooper, William L. – 1994
Critical thinking in the fine arts is defined as a reasonable and reflective thinking that is focused on what to believe and to do in relation to the fine arts. It is a process designed to help students develop awareness, appreciation, and understanding as they think clearly and critically about the arts and learn to express their ideas in a…
Descriptors: Art Education, Critical Thinking, Elementary Secondary Education, Fine Arts
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Inc., Reston, VA. – 1996
This document highlights what is needed to ensure excellence in mathematics education as teachers and schools prepare students for the world beyond the classroom. One goal of this publication is to inform parent groups, school boards, business leaders, and local policy makers of the changes taking place in mathematics education. The purpose of a…
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Classroom Environment, Community Attitudes, Educational Change
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
PDF pending restorationNational Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
NAEP 1992 Mathematics State Report for the District of Columbia. The Trial State Assessment Program.
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)
