Building proficiency with fraction arithmetic poses a consistent challenge for students with learning difficulties or disabilities in mathematics. This article illustrates how teachers can use the number line model to support struggling learners in making sense of fraction arithmetic. Number lines are a powerful tool that can be used to help…

Fractions and the understanding of fraction concepts affect later conceptualization of advanced mathematics and affect how people live their everyday lives. Research shows that many deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) students have not mastered fraction skills even by the time they enter college. In the present article, the author looks at literature…

How dyslexia students solve number operations is still challenging to unravel. This study aimed at revealing the types of errors conveyed by a dyslexic student in performing fractional operations on mathematical tasks that combined non-verbal text (symbols and pictures) and verbal text. The data were collected using a task-based interview with a…

Mathematics education for students with and at-risk for a disability is important and high-quality, research-supported practices should be used for online teaching--whether intentional or as a result of a global pandemic. This single-case design multiple probe replicated across participants study explored the online delivery of an intervention…

After some studies on students with Down syndrome (DS) who learned algebra and problem solving and few single case studies on analytic geometry, here the experience on analytic geometry was extended to 6 adolescents with DS, who attended mainstream schools. They were taught individually in the afternoon, one day per week, for 9 months by the same…

Developing an understanding of fractions is critical as a significant predictor for the learning progression of advanced domains; however, students face significant challenges in learning fractions because of their unique properties. To systematically approach remediation, this study examined the common error patterns committed by middle-school…

One challenge facing the fields of mathematics education and special education is how to design instruction on fraction concepts that can meet the needs of diverse learners. An innovation that shows promise is to base instructional design upon well-established trajectories of students' fraction learning. However, little research has been done to…

As teachers are faced with increasing demands to meet the needs of diverse learners, such as the growing number of students with ASD, the need to accommodate each learner and provide opportunities for individualized learning becomes critical. Therefore, the aim of this A-B single-case study was to explore a variety of support strategies (e.g.,…

This study presents three students who are bilingual with learning dis/abilities in small group mathematics discussions. The three students showcased their abilities as problem solvers, justifiers, and evaluators of basic operation and fractional understanding. This paper presents the teaching practices used to support the mathematical agency of…

The present study examines the features and quality of visual representations (VRs) created by middle school students with learning disabilities and difficulties in mathematics in response to a released fraction item from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Relations between VR quality and scores on other measures of fraction…