Examines reasons why some elementary and secondary students learn programming in BASIC and LOGO much better than others suggesting this happens because students bring different learning patterns to the programming context. Pitfalls novices face in learning programming are discussed, and instructional design suggestions to foster better learning…

Third grade children (n=24) who were administered the standard, simultaneous version of the Matching Familiar Figures test committed fewer errors when administered a sequential version of the same test than did subjects (n=24) who took the more difficult sequential version first. (PN)

Describes a method of teaching problem-solving to engineering undergraduates at Coventry (Lancaster) Polytechnic. The teaching model, which consists of a series of component activities, employs a methodological approach to problem-solving in the area of engineering design. Applications of the model to other forms of problem-solving are briefly…

The article examines the nature of performance deficits in exceptional learners as they relate to the ability to perform complex cognitive tasks. (PHR)

The article reviews cognitive training for modifying social behaviors among handicapped children. The use of self-evaluation/instruction strategies is explored including such areas as locus of control and generalization and maintenance of appropriate behaviors. (PHR)

Tested hypotheses linking global/analytic cognitive styles and aspects of researchers' problem-solving and related information-seeking behavior, based on a longitudinal study conducted in the United Sates and the United Kingdom that investigated the processes of mediated information retrieval searching during human information-seeking processes.…

An instrument for self-analysis of creative problem-solving style is introduced. A circular flow model of dynamic tension establishes a profile based on one's orientation toward generation, conceptualization, implementation, and optimization of knowledge. Preliminary tests with 130 businesspeople and undergraduate students indicate high…

Discusses social and cognitive influences on understanding and solving word problems. Descriptions of studies with elementary school, secondary school, and college students highlight subject matter-related attitudes; the fact that students can solve problems without understanding them; and contextual expectations, including the issue of authority.…

The discovery of penicillin is cited in a discussion of the role of serendipity as it relates to scientific discovery. The importance of sagacity as a personality trait is noted. Successful researchers have questioning minds, are willing to view data from several perspectives, and recognize and appreciate the unexpected. (JW)

Asserts that the sudden insights that characterize intuitive thinking are as important in effectuating learning as analytical thinking. Claims that intuitive thinking enables students to comprehend complex relationships better, to put things into better perspective, to generate new ideas, and to perceive more ways to integrate facts, concepts, and…

According to Group Embedded Figures Test scores for 82 preservice agriculture teachers, 60% were field independent and achieved higher microteaching lab scores and overall methods course grade. Field-independent students were more adapted to teaching with the problem-solving approach. Teacher educators should consider different learning styles and…

Argues that computers are a medium through which different styles of scientific thought can be observed. Presents cases of women whose learning styles differ from the way that programing and problem solving in computer-related activities are taught. Concludes that technological developments involving object-oriented programing have created an…

Examined problem-solving strategies used by fourth and fifth graders in solving simple LOGO computer programing problems, and investigated relationships between those strategies and students' domain knowledge and cognitive style. Findings supported a diversity of cognitive styles and suggest a possible knowledge-based explanation for differences…

Hypermedia for instructional purposes has the advantage that students may follow their own cognitive strategies and learn at their own pace, and the disadvantage that students may choose either a random or a logical path unless the author guides him. Overall, hypermedia offers a tool and process to facilitate learning not achievable with…

In a preliminary ethnographic study, the developmental tasks of 23 first-year and 20 fourth-year medical students were assessed with reference to practical problem solving. Findings provide direct support for a relationship between practical intellectual development and life course contexts. (SLD)