This paper presents a critical review of computer assisted instruction (CAI); an overview of recent intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs), including current perceived shortcomings; major activities of the field, i.e., analysis of teaching/learning processes, and extending and developing artificial intelligence techniques for use in intelligent…

Two self-contained fourth grade classrooms were compared during a 1-year study conducted in a small rural community in Indiana. Pre-test measures consisted of the previous year's third grade scores on the Cognitive Abilities test and a self-developed inventory of attitude toward school and computers. The control group (n=28) received instruction…

This document acquaints teachers and curriculum directors with the reading, mathematics, and problem solving indicators assessed by the Georgia Basic Skills Tests, initially given in grade 10. Students who fail initially in grade 10 have at least five other opportunities to take the test and must pass it in order to graduate. In reading, skill…

Environmental education is generally thought to be an approach to teaching and learning that will help students develop the knowledge, skills, and values basic to environmental problem solving. This report addresses the need for environmental education and attempts to clarify definitions of some of the efforts such as outdoor education and…

An analysis of children's narrative composition and art revealed concurrent development at both a general structural level and at a fine-grained detail level. A three-part study investigated whether this general cognitive pattern would be maintained across a different range of tasks: literary composition, scientific reasoning, and working memory.…

It is often claimed that students must have a thorough understanding of the processes of science to understand the constant changes in scientific theories and make meaningful decisions. This curriculum guide has five major parts including goals and objectives of elementary school science, problem solving, suggested scope and sequence,…

Typical characteristics of impulsive children and adolescents are reviewed and strategies for changing this behavior are considered. Self-instruction training requires the child to verbalize a given problem, alternative approaches to resolution, and attentional strategies. Language becomes a mediator for self-monitoring and regulation. Cognitive…

Turtle graphics is a popular vehicle for introducing children to computer programming. Children combine simple graphic commands to get a display screen cursor (called a turtle) to draw designs on the screen. The purpose of this study was to examine young children's abilities to function in a simple computer programming environment. Four- and…

A technique for studying how parents think, make decisions, and solve childrearing problems, Computer-Presented Social Interactions (CPSI), is described. Two studies involving CPSI are presented. The first study concerns a common parental cognitive task: causal analysis of an undesired behavior. The task was to diagnose the cause of non-contingent…

Project PROF, a professional development program for experienced teaching faculty in the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources at Michigan State University, is described, and results of a faculty assessment of the program are summarized. Program objectives include: increased faculty self-assessment as related to teaching; expose faculty to…

This document is designed to help the user recognize problems which can be solved by use of the exponential function, to show a wide variety of such problems, and to teach how to actually solve them. The material is divided into five individual units, numbered and labeled as follows: 84-Recognition of Problems Solved by Exponential Functions;…

Systematic but unanticipated differences in patterns of responses to a test between two or more groups is generally taken as evidence of test bias. This study assessed whether a carefully-targeted instructional sequence could influence the effects of bias. A reading comprehension test with items previously identified as biased for certain groups…

This document presents research studies/findings and provides a developing point of view on adolescent thought. The first chapter discusses the nature and definitions of thinking. The second and third chapters discuss frameworks for adolescent thought (focusing on the Gestalt school, Geneva school, and accelerated learning) and survey studies on…

This report on the Adult Math Skills Project includes sections on theory, empirical studies, and their implications. Section 1 presents an overview, noting that activity and setting are seen as mutually creating, sustaining, and changing the nature of problem solving. The empirical studies involved: (1) arithmetic practices among grocery shoppers;…

The activities in this monograph are self-contained explorations into mathematical topics not often included in regular classroom work in grades 3-8. They were selected because of their intriguing enjoyment and because they deal with honest mathematics; they also strengthen skills, especially problem-solving skills. Included are activities with…