Discusses the problems of using chronometric analysis, a common cognitive psychological method, for educational assessment. Suggests that cognitive assessment has not reached the precision needed to analyze individual differences. (FMW)

The purpose of this study was to identify features of young children's behavior that contribute to effective problem solving. A total of 24 children 4 and 5 years of age, half from low socioeconomic status (SES) families and half from high, were observed while performing perceptual/performance cognitive tasks. Five tasks were presented. All test…

Examines a study that suggests that quantification, defined as numerical data, increases textual difficulty and thereby discourages resolving scientific problems through public action. (MH)

The study was conducted to determine if the cognitive environment of the child from a high ability family could be classified as expansive or restrictive. It was concluded that mothers of gifted children have both styles available to them. The individual orientation of the high ability mother dictates the s tructure utilized. (CD)

Observations were made of eight 2-year-olds and eight 3 1/2-year-olds to explore the use of play assessment and its efficacy in determining cognitive levels. Children's play primarily consisted of Exploratory Play, Pretend Play, and Problem Solving Skills. Results indicated that Exploratory Play becomes more complex with age and is displayed more…

Article addressed itself to the question of relationships between the cognitive styles of subjects and their use of certain solution strategies on a concept attainment task in mathematics. (Author/RK)

Approximately three weeks after taking part of the WISC, the subjects were presented with the same questions, and four multiple choice answers were shown and read to them. The multiple choice method of presentation response yielded significantly higher scaled scores than did the standard WISC presentation. (Author)

The aims of this paper are to affirm the importance of developing sequential models of psychological process-particularly of such complex psychological phenomena of prime concern to theory and application as learning, problem solving, and creativity-and to argue that factor analysis has delineated component processes for these sequential models.…

Informal Assessment sometimes interprets enthusiasm and confidence in mathematics for cognitive competence. Presented are two case studies of interviews conducted to study the affective and reflective capacities underlying children's mathematical thinking during a nonroutine problem-solving task. (MDH)

Reported is a study related to a Project on an Information Memory Model in which the performance of children living in two different cultures (Libyan and American) was compared on two problem solving tasks to investigate cultural differences in memory information processing. One task was the chemical bodies experiment studied by Piaget and…

Advances have been made in testing optometrists' clinical skills, particularly with the use of simulation techniques. Further research into these techniques will probably receive the most attention, although a shift in research emphasis from correlational studies of test validity and reliability to test development studies is needed. (MSE)

Empirical validity of nonoverlapping scores of original problem solving on a lenient solution-standard predictor was evidenced in college students by high correlations with corresponding scores on stringent solution-standard criterion tasks. Findings support the construct validity of conceptualizations of original problem solving based on…

Children, 9-11 years old, solved subtraction problems in the form of M-N=..., then gave a verbal report on the thought processes used, analysis of which utilized a model based on analyses of reaction times, and resulted in a more detailed process model. (AN)

The study was conducted to gain some insight regarding whether the nature of critical thinking skills in biology appears to be different than the nature of more general critical thinking skills. The study falls within the context of previous studies (e.g., research by J. P. Guilford, 1967; and M. Rokeach, 1973) that used empirical methods to…

Several studies have shown that the elderly do not perform well on the Piagetian problems of logical thinking; the present set of studies aimed at demonstrating that the elderly maintain the competence to solve such problems. The first study performed by the authors assessed performance of 60 noninstitutionalized middle-class elderly females on…