This study investigated whether there was a difference in achievement by first graders between their ability to solve open sentences presented in vertical form and in horizontal form. It was recommended that the horizontal form be avoided in grades one and two. (MP)

How computer methods can be applied to an old problem and how computer efficiency affects the solution to that problem are illustrated. (MK)

Changes in the elementary and junior high school mathematics curriculum that have occurred in the last 20 years and that may occur in the future are discussed. (MK)

Four procedures used by children for deriving answers to unknown subtraction facts are described. They are counting forward, counting backward, derivation, and bridging. (MP)

Discusses the use of spreadsheets for mathematical problem solving to help develop higher-level-thinking skills and foster an experimental attitude toward learning mathematics. An example is given of middle-school and high-school students investigating a number-structures problem. (LRW)

Proposes a word problem concerning placing students around triangular tables. Students must determine how to place the touching tables so that everyone can be seated. (KHR)

Describes the successful use of a computer algebra system (CAS) with a student as he worked on a problem involving functions far more difficult than he had previously encountered. (Author/NB)

Discusses the geometrical array of the keys on a calculator that can be turned into a problem-solving, problem-posing situation for the upper elementary or middle school classroom. Provides figures showing the arrays, including rows, diagonals, crosses, rhombi, angles, and squares. Lists seven references. (YP)

Suggested that strategy choices for solving addition problems were related to numerical and spatial ability domains, while the speed of executing the component process of fact retrieval was related to arithmetic ability only. Findings supported the convergent validity of the strategy choice model and its discriminant validity. (RH)

Use of a microcomputer spreadsheet program to help students understand long division is described. An example of a problem with powers of 10 used with seventh graders is presented, with note of another lesson on decimals for grade 6. (MNS)

Describes a study to determine middle school children's representational strategies to form part-whole or part-part relationships for relational numbers such as proportions, ratios, or fractions. Quantitative and qualitative analysis revealed that children prefer a part-part representation to solve relational quantity problems. (15 references)…

Quantitative literacy for students with deafness is addressed, noting work by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics to establish curriculum standards for grades K-12. The standards stress problem solving, communication, reasoning, making mathematical connections, and the need for educators of the deaf to pursue mathematics literacy with…

Uses ancient Egyptian numeration system in a new setting to extend the concepts of base, place value, and correspondence. Discusses similarities and differences between the Egyptian and decimal systems. Students are asked to propose changes to make the Egyptian system easier. (LDR)

Presents educational games to promote mathematical reasoning and problem solving in the primary grades. Children take charge of their learning and create exciting challenges for one another. (ASK)

Presents a problem for grades 3-6 on number concepts and computation. Also provides guidelines for teachers to improve problem-solving practices in their classrooms. (ASK)