This paper examines the cognitive processes associated with higher-order thinking strategies--i.e., cognitive processes directly associated with the employment of knowledge in the service of problem solving and creativity--in order to more clearly define a prescribed instructional method to improve problem-solving skills. The first section of the…

This paper presents a critical review of computer assisted instruction (CAI); an overview of recent intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs), including current perceived shortcomings; major activities of the field, i.e., analysis of teaching/learning processes, and extending and developing artificial intelligence techniques for use in intelligent…

Two self-contained fourth grade classrooms were compared during a 1-year study conducted in a small rural community in Indiana. Pre-test measures consisted of the previous year's third grade scores on the Cognitive Abilities test and a self-developed inventory of attitude toward school and computers. The control group (n=28) received instruction…

This investigation focuses upon the question of: (1) how naive subjects organize and represent knowledge when solving problems; (2) how previous experience of a novice is used in solving a problem; (3) what kinds of information and knowledge are sought as well as overlooked by novices when solving problems; (4) what kinds of strategies novices…

Turtle graphics is a popular vehicle for introducing children to computer programming. Children combine simple graphic commands to get a display screen cursor (called a turtle) to draw designs on the screen. The purpose of this study was to examine young children's abilities to function in a simple computer programming environment. Four- and…

THIS GUIDE EXPLAINS HOW A COMPUTER MIGHT BE USED IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE REGULAR COURSE OF STUDY. STARTING WITH THE PREMISE THAT A CHILD WHO LEARNS TO OPERATE A COMPUTER IS LED BY HIS NEW SELF ESTEEM TOWARD A GREATER INTEREST IN HIS COURSES, THE AUTHORS STATE THAT COMPUTER EDUCATION WILL ALSO MEET THESE OBJECTIVES--(1)…

Simulation games serve many functions, but the important one to educators is that they present the student player with a real-life situation allowing him to use his knowledge and abilities while discovering decision-making skills for himself. To provide a basic reference on simulation gaming, essays on various aspects of games were collected from…

An interim report from the National Science Foundation describes the FUNCTIONS program--an ongoing effort to teach problem solving and mathematics by computer. Two problems are discussed: How can math content be taught in a manner which also develops problem solving skills? Also, how does a curriculum organized to develop problem solving skills…

A description is provided of a computer system designed to aid in the analysis of student programing work. The first section of the report consists of an overview and user's guide. In it, the system input is described in terms of a "dribble file" which records all student inputs generated; also an introduction is given to the aids…

This final report summarizes research findings and presents a model for generative computer assisted instruction (CAI) with respect to its usefulness in the classroom environment. Methods used to individualize instruction, and the evolution of a procedure used to select a concept for presentation to a student with the generative CAI system are…

Reviews following computer materials: Coordinate Math; How the West Was One + Three x Four; Math Facts Lottery, Basic Skills Game; Math Tutor, Division; Now You See It, Now You Don't; Pinball Math, Basic Skills Game; Place Value-Add/Subtract; Quarter Mile; Regrouping; Sailing through Story Problems; Scope Math, Computer Mathematics Course for…

Traces the history of the National Library of Medicine with emphasis on research and development activities in biomedical communications and information science. Highlights include the areas of bibliographic control, library automation, information retrieval, knowledge management systems, and educational technologies. (CLB)

Describes a research strategy designed to examine learning and behavior when students interacted with microcomputers and software interfaced with a videotape cassette recorder (VCR). Utilized the VCR to record the video output from the microcomputer and students' verbal comments using a microphone unit. (TW)

How the computer can be used to support and improve the following teaching and study methods in geography is discussed: lectures, reading, tutoring, small group teaching, simulation, educational games, model building, problem solving, field work, written work, and exploratory data analysis. Educational problems involved in each application are…

Reviews educational computer games, tutorials, and drill/practice programs for Atari and Apple microcomputers. Includes: games/nursery rhymes for pre-schoolers; graphics, word scramble, and vocabulary programs; mathematics programs (fractions, reading/solving mathematics problems, estimating angles/lengths); science (chemistry, weather, astronomy,…