Examines some of the potential impacts of different modes of university organization in Turkey (faculty and departmental) upon the scientific productivity of faculty membbers. (Editor/PG)

Examined the correlates of faculty publication productivity in ten countries: Australia, Brazil, Chile, Hong Kong, Israel, Japan, Korea, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Analysis revealed differences that challenge the unqualified application of established research productivity models to other national contexts. (Author/DB)

Compares how academic department chairs at colleges and universities in Australia and the U.S. define their tasks. Major differences noted include the propensity of U.S. chairs to think of soliciting ideas for departmental improvement as a long-term endeavor, whereas Australian chairs perceive of idea solicitation as an administrative task, and…

Because of recent demographic and technological changes, traditionally stable educational organizations are experiencing high levels of uncertainty and decreases in productivity. To combat disfunctional consequences of change, many institutions have adopted myopic and piecemeal decision-making processes that need to be changed for systematic…

In a study of British university psychologists' publishing rates, publications in 1968-70 and 1978-80 were compared across groups of different ages. In both periods, faculty over age 45 published less, and those holding appointments in both periods published less in the latter despite age. However, considerable variability was found within groups.…

Efforts to link faculty research activity and teaching performance have been confounded by different conceptions of the two enterprises. Any link comes from what the two have in common as in their common concern with the act of learning, although in different contexts. Greater emphasis must be placed on the ways in which knowledge is generated and…

It is argued that the modern university is under economic pressure to produce and transfer knowledge, that this shift to a market orientation alters the form of knowledge, that the current form of university governance mitigates against academic entrepreneurship, and that a new public policy for universities is needed. (MSE)

Production functions, established for the Arts and Law Faculties of Coimbra and Lisbon Universities and the Higher Institute of Engineering of Lisbon, related the number of students to expenditures on academic staff and materials. Results are discussed and pros and cons of using production functions for educational management purposes are…

A discussion of costing methods for colleges and universities, common in the United States, looks at their first use in a major Latin American institution, the University of Monterrey (Mexico). Differences in costing methods for the university's seven colleges and potential for savings emerging from the analysis are examined. (MSE)

Rates at which men and women published during and after Ph.D. training in psychology were compared for samples experiencing same-sex and cross-sex supervision. Results provide no evidence that publication is more frequent for either. However, other possible advantages or disadvantages of same-sex supervision should be studied. (Author/MSE)

The problem of measuring efficiency in higher education is of increasing importance due to changes in socioeconomic conditions and rising enrollment rates. Problems of definition are discussed that occur in comparative studies of efficiency. Illustrations are drawn from formulations of the problem in several countries with different socioeconomic…

The slow rate of promotion of female college faculty relative to their male counterparts is examined from the perspective of "socially expected durations," shifting emphasis from women's assumed shortcomings and constraints to the characteristics of academe's organizational structure. The model is seen as useful for examining other forms of…

The foundation of factional pressures for upgrading educational credentials in the labor market is examined through a review of human capital and screening theories. The writings of Adam Smith are referenced to show that the claims of the beneficial effects of educational upgrading have been questioned for 200 years. (Author/MLW)

Data from a survey of personnel directors in United Kingdom universities were used to conduct a cost-benefit analysis of job sharing from the institutions' perspective. Results show a 5% rise in productivity would raise the ratio of benefits to cost to 14.3 to 1. Retention of staff, reduction of stress, and reduced unemployment are also benefits.…

Seventy-four U.S. male academic social scientists provided career stage data that were analyzed and compared. The active publishers had a less varied career but continued their research beyond retirement. The moderately active and inactive publishers began careers with teaching and administration and reported sharper separation at retirement.…