Growing concerns arise over the effectiveness of cultural competency and humility in addressing systemic racism in social work. Scholars advocate for the incorporation of critical race theory (CRT) into social work education; however, its polarization creates uncertainty. This systematized review synthesizes the contemporary use of CRT in social work curricula. Comprehensive searches were conducted and sixteen peer-reviewed studies met the inclusion criteria, representing BSW, MSW, and PhD education. Three roles for CRT within social work were identified: (a) understanding systemic racism; (b) an alternative model to cultural competence; and (c) the inclusion of CRT into the social work curriculum or specific courses. Benefits and barriers are also identified. To align with social work values, social work should consider the integration of CRT across the curriculum.