This briefing reports on recent developments affecting Europe's recognition regimes -- both professional and academic. Currently, the principal change factor is the drive to digitalise, accelerated by the new circumstances created by the pandemic. The crisis in Ukraine, too, has prompted a range of initiatives. Meanwhile, uncertainty still…

Young Russians are facing a work career that is very different from that of previous generations, and matching education with the job market is especially difficult. Their chances of finding a job are very affected by the factor of unemployment. In spite of a relatively high level of unemployment, young people in Russia are being flexible in their…

Russian scientists lag behind others in both remuneration and working conditions, and this has led many of them to leave science for other occupations or to leave Russia. While the country may benefit when a scientist chooses to enter business or politics, both society and Russian science are negatively affected when scientists emigrate. In order…

The hypothesis of this study is that just as the Soviet Jews are "pushed" to leave the USSR because of overt discrimination, some American Jews are "pushed" to leave the United States because of a feeling of uneasiness based upon their relation with the larger society. (Author)

Identifies predictors of three key journalistic roles--the timely disseminator, the interpreter, and the adversary--and compares these predictors across countries. Suggests there are similarities between Russian and U.S. journalists' views, but also some notable differences. (RS)

Presents findings from a 1994 survey concerning the changes in Russian schools' vocational guidance and the professional self-determination of students graduating from basic schools (ninth-grade) and secondary schools (eleventh-grade). Identifies the professional preferences of school students. Believes that once the economy stabilizes, the…

The economic reforms that are being carried out in Russia have brought to the forefront a number of problems that have to do with the development of the social and structural transformation of society, with changes in the position of particular groups and strata of the population. It is in structures of production that local labor markets are…

Surveys students at two Russian pedagogical universities, Nizhnii Novgorod Pedagogical University and Iuzhno-Sakhalinsk State Pedagogical Institute, regarding their attitudes toward obtaining a higher education in general and acquiring an education in pedagogical specialties. Suggests that Russian youth value access to professional status over…

In connection with the changes in the structure of the work force that took place in Russia in the final ten years of the twentieth century and the increase in professional, intersectorial, and other kinds of labor mobility, the problem of the replacement and reproduction of cadres of top qualification (candidates and doctors of science) has come…