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Direct linkPadilla, Amado M.; Fan, Lorraine; Xu, Xiaoqiu; Silva, Duarte – Foreign Language Annals, 2013
A Mandarin/English two-way immersion elementary program is described from its inception and implementation through the fifth grade, the culminating year of the program. All students in all grades were assessed on their oral/listening, reading, and writing performance in Mandarin using program-created assessment measures. Fifth-grade students also…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Mandarin Chinese, Immersion Programs
Peer reviewedPalmunen, Karen F. – Foreign Language Annals, 1995
Focuses on the development process that culminated in a successful, two-semester, weekend college elementary French course. The article outlines the challenges encountered, the characteristics of the multimedia approach chosen to meet these challenges, and the "andragogical" approach used to adapt this methodology to learner needs. (27 references)…
Descriptors: Adults, Audiovisual Instruction, Communication Apprehension, French
