The purpose of this research study was to explore secondary education teachers' perceptions of why they may be underprepared to support English language learners (ELLs) in the mainstream classroom. With the increasing number of ELLs in public schools across the United States, teachers with the background, training, and/or knowledge of how to…

The content and structure of pre-service and teacher-aide programs has major implications for training, management, support and deployment of teachers and teacher-aides in mainstream schools working with students who have ASD. Data pertaining to course content and structure were collected from university and teacher-aide training websites, program…

In this chapter, the authors present a synthesis of the small, but growing, body of literature examining what some teacher educators are already doing and what all teacher educators need to do to prepare mainstream classroom teachers to teach English language learners (ELLs). While the discussion applies to teachers of immigrant and refugee…

If classroom teachers are among the greatest determinant of student learning, then teacher preparation programs have a role to play improving educational outcomes for struggling learners. There are currently three established teacher preparation program models: (1) "discrete"; (2) "integrated"; and (3) "merged." In the "discrete" model, which is…

In order to help teachers understand the importance of intentional design for inclusive education, this article describes the design process an engineer might use when designing a new project. If teachers learn to think like engineers, it is possible for them to design inclusive education. This conceptual design can then be combined with…

For the sake of university personnel just starting a Dean's Grant Program for teacher education in mainstreaming, the author synthesizes successful program design techniques from existing Dean's Grant Programs. (SJL)

The major characteristics of successful in-school vocational education programs for the handicapped have already been identified. The most formidable problem in implementing PL 94 142 and mainstreaming may be changing teachers' attitudes. (Author/SJL)

Literature is reviewed indicating that programs serving handicapped and nonhandicapped preschool children have been labeled inconsistently, with few attempts to identify specific variables which discriminate program types. Suggested are the terms "integrated special education" (with a high proportion of handicapped) and "mainstreamed" (with a low…

Presented is adopter/facilitator information of Project FAST (Functional Analysis Systems Training) to provide educational and support services to learning disordered children and their regular elementary teachers. Briefly described are the three schools in the Essexville-Hampton (Michigan) school district; objectives of the program; program…

Three articles discuss programs for primary and elementary special education students in a resource room and in mainstreamed settings. The final article discusses a positive approach to dealing with namecalling in the mainstreamed setting. (CL)

An independent study program at Fairleigh Dickinson University facilitates physical education activity for special and handicapped students. (LH)

This program describes a program at one Minnesota elementary school that works to optimally include 32 students with emotional and behavioral disorders. The three special classes involve increasing amounts of time spent in mainstream settings with decreasing amounts of additional support. Key program characteristics include philosophy, goals,…

The Therapeutic Preschool Program serves 3- and 4-year-old children of average intelligence who are diagnosed as having emotional and/or behavioral problems. The primary goal of the program is to provide a framework for teaching the social, emotional, and cognitive skills necessary for eventually mainstreaming the children into a regular education…

An interpretive study of mainstreaming guidelines and practices had its origin in the growing need to identify the components of vocational programs, services, and activities designed to increase and improve the vocational education opportunities for handicapped persons in California secondary schools. The objectives of the study were: (1) to…

The article is designed to help educational agencies cope with the problems encountered in deciding on the structure and content of inservice programs on the topic of mainstreaming. The expressed concerns of over 300 regular and special educators are translated into several organized methods for presentation. (Author/PHR)