In most large-scale assessments of student achievement, several broad content domains are tested. Because more items are needed to cover the content domains than can be presented in the limited testing time to each individual student, multiple test forms or booklets are utilized to distribute the items to the students. The construction of an…

Explores how a program of strong construct validation could be applied to the assessment of the construct of test anxiety, paying special attention to substantive, structural, and external aspects of construct validation. A framework is proposed to pull together various statistical methods used in construct validation research into an organized…