This paper presents a vertical case study of the history of universalizing education in postcolonial Sierra Leone from the early 1950s to 1990 to highlight how there has never been a universal conception of universal education. In order to unite a nation behind a universal ideal of schooling, education needed to be adapted to different…

This paper argues that the goal of community development should be to provide more than material gains such as fast economic growth. The paper provides two case studies from Ethiopia which demonstrate how proper implementation of community development processes and principles might lead to successful attainment of tangible and intangible…

Economic development efforts in small towns should focus on the birth, expansion, and retention of small enterprises. A consistent and rational policy towards new growth and an enthusiastic development team composed of individuals with knowledge of or access to others with knowledge of industrial sites, financing, utilities, labor, transportation,…

Modern Turkey is considered a bridge between the East and the West. Education in Turkey is operated and financed largely by public expenditures, and public education is free. Adult (nonformal) education is an extension of educational opportunities to people who could not benefit from formal education or who intend to expand their knowledge or…

A meeting was held April 3, 1974, by the African-American Institute (AAI) to discuss the need for rural change and the strategies for achieving change in Africa. Participants in the meeting included two Africans who have leading roles in the economic development of their countries, representatives from 12 governmental and private agencies that are…

Many small towns are considering community-based start-up funds (SUF) to foster development and retention of small businesses. But whether a community is large or small, a group must be well-organized before it begins to make decisions concerning the design and purpose of a small-business SUF. This primer highlights some main points a community…

Moving rural development program and research information to users summarizes the Southern Rural Development Center (SRDC) Plan of Work for 1978. One of 4 regional centers set up by the 1972 Rural Development Act, SRDC coordinates cooperation between research and extension at 28 land-grant institutions in 13 states and Puerto Rico which have rural…

Article describes the planning and design of a part-time continuing education program for intermediate-level rural development staff, and presents reasons why a combination of more localized and individual teaching-learning media was chosen in preference to the national mass media. (Author)

The Canadian Council on Rural Development, established in December of 1965 as an advisory body to the Minister of Forestry and Rural Development, was created (1) to provide a means for exploration of new dimensions and concepts; (2) to stimulate public discussion on basic policy issues and problems; (3) to prepare and disseminate improved…

The continuing transition of rural development from its old to present day form is discussed, treating varied perceptions of its goals and the continuing resolution of approaches through legislation and appropriations. Some of the goals are community development, human resources development, natural resources preservation, and a more equitable…

Presenting a base of general information that local business people and government officials involved with downtown revitalization should be familiar with in order to understand the range of options available and factors that will influence the outcomes of any revitalization program, the paper summarizes current theories, trends, studies, and…

To make education more relevant, the 1972 national seminar sought ways of integrating the Future Farmers of America (FFA) program with the broadened agricultural instruction program. Topics discussed included: (1) "Role of the FFA in the Changing Program of Agricultural Education" - William Gray (Moderator), (2) "But How Do We Get…

Describes a three-phase program designed by the Anne Arundel County Community Action Agency to help the rural poor; includes development of human resources, housing, and economic resources. (JM)

Central governments must recognize the need for decentralization of development efforts, to plan programs specific to the needs and conditions of each target population. Development programs are characterized by program overlap because of diversity of sponsorship. A possible mechanism is a training and development center at the subnational level.…

This paper describes formative evaluation procedures of a collaborative program developed by the University of Georgia's Rural Revitalization Initiative. The initiative represents a collaboration of units at the university and among local people from several different areas and disciplines. Twelve Georgia counties participated in the project,…