An experiment involving the introduction of two different budgeting methods into a simulated educational organization was carried out using internal and external change agents. An overall view of conflict in the budgeting process is suggested, and the implications of the apparent superiority of the PPBS approach are reviewed. (Author)

The lack of tested models of the instructional process is the prime hindrance to significant management science in educational research. The nature of education, with long timelags between ultimate performance and present activity, makes the modeling most difficult. This paper reports on one of several efforts which have been made to develop…

Central Massachusetts Library Administration Simulation Project (CLASP) was a research project funded under Title II-B to develop and test a simulation model that would enable public library personnel to learn and practice skills of negotiation, decision making, budgeting, and program planning. A simulation model was developed and tested in a…

This case problem is designed for use by planning, budgeting, or administrative personnel in state or regional vocational educational organizations. The problem involves planning, programming, and budgeting which is best accomplished in small group settings. Each small group should ideally consist of persons with a variety of duties and…

This is the second and final year report on the CLASP (Central Massachusetts Library Administration Simulation Project) which developed and tested a simulation model that would enable library personnel to learn and practice skills of negotiation, decision making, budgeting, and program planning. Specific program objectives were: (1) to upgrade the…

Any general systems approach has five basic elements, which serve as the tasks for the researcher using systems analysis. The five are (1) the objectives, (2) the alternatives, (3) the costs, (4) the model (or models), and (5) the decision rule. With these five steps, the researcher should be able to specify the objectives, select alternatives,…

Included in the document are abstracts of the 19 presentations given by consultants to the working groups at Institute II. Contents of the abstracts are the salient ideas, goals, objectives, and models for planning annual and long-range programs of vocational education in rural areas. Presentations by the consultants were designed to enable the 5…